(I) Functional constipation 1. 2 or more of the following must be met: a. Effortful defecation (at least 1 in 4 bowel movements). b. Lumpy or hard bowel movements (at least 1 in 4 bowel movements). c. Functionally constipated (at least 1 in 4 bowel movements). b, the bowel movement is lumpy or hard stool (at least 1 out of every 4 bowel movements). c, the feeling of incomplete defecation (at least 1 out of every 4 bowel movements). d, anorectal obstruction and (or) blockage (at least 1 out of every 4 bowel movements). e. Need to use hand manipulation (e.g. finger-assisted defecation, pelvic floor support defecation) to promote defecation (at least 1 out of every 4 bowel movements). f. Defecation less than 3 times a week. 2, Almost no loose stools without laxatives. 3, Inadequate conditions for the diagnosis of IBS. Symptoms have been present for at least 6 months prior to diagnosis, and the above criteria have been met for the last 3 months. (ii) Functional Defecation Disorder 1. The patient must meet the diagnostic criteria for functional constipation. 2. During repeated attempts to defecate, at least 2 of the following criteria are met: a. Evidence of impaired defecation by balloon force test or imaging. b. Compression, imaging, or electromyography showing uncoordinated contraction of pelvic floor muscles (e.g., anal sphincter or puborectalis), or sphincter pressure relaxation of less than 20% at basal rest. c. Inadequate propulsive force detected by manometry or imaging. F3a, Uncoordinated defecation Uncoordinated contraction of the pelvic floor muscles during repeated attempts to defecate, or sphincter pressure relaxation less than 20% at basal rest, but with adequate propulsive force. F3b, Inadequate defecation propulsion Inadequate propulsion during repeated attempts to defecate, with or without uncoordinated pelvic floor contractions or sphincter pressure relaxation of less than 20% at basal rest.