Cavernous angioma (CA) is a spongy abnormal vascular mass consisting of numerous thin-walled blood vessels. It is not a true tumor and is classified as a cerebral vascular malformation by histology. The etiology of cerebral cavernous angioma is so far unclear and may be related to genetic factors. It has also been suggested that cavernous angioma can be induced by conventional radiotherapy, viral infection, trauma, surgery, and vascular reaction after bleeding. Clinically, epilepsy is the most common symptom of this disease, accounting for about 40% to 100% of cases, of which about 40% are refractory epilepsy. Hemorrhage and progressive neurological deficits are also clinically significant. There is also a subset of patients who do not have significant symptoms and may present with only a mild headache, which is often detected by imaging for this reason or on physical examination. MRI is the most sensitive method for diagnosing cavernous hemangioma, and CT, cerebral angiography, cranial radiographs, and PET can also help. However, care should be taken to differentiate it from meningioma and cerebral arteriovenous malformations. There are relatively well established treatments for this disease. Patients with asymptomatic or mild headache can be treated conservatively with regular follow-up. For those with indications for surgery, such as those with significant signs of neurological deficit, overt bleeding (even if only once), refractory epilepsy, growing lesions, symptoms of high intracranial pressure, or pediatric patients, the application of microsurgical methods to remove the lesions should be considered. Adjunctive radiation therapy is also used for some lesions located in important functional areas or surgical residuals. Generally speaking, cavernous hemangioma is a benign lesion, so once diagnosed, patients should not be overly alarmed and fearful, and will have a good prognosis with active treatment. In addition, surgical treatment can effectively prevent bleeding and control seizures, and most patients can resume normal work or study after surgery.