Carpal tunnel syndrome: a series of syndromes that occur when the median nerve becomes entrapped in the wrist. First, let’s clarify the concept of carpal tunnel. The carpal tunnel is a bony fiber conduit on the palmar side of the wrist, whose palmar side is the transverse carpal ligament (a fibrous structure), and the radial, ulnar, and dorsal sides are carpal bones, so that the structure is relatively stiff and tough, and the volume of the conduit is certain. Our deep and superficial finger flexor tendons, median nerve and long thumb flexor tendons pass through the carpal tunnel. Any factor that increases the pressure within the carpal tunnel can cause compression of the median nerve. For example, synovial hyperplasia, tendon cysts, lipomas, hemangiomas, fracture dislocations, low forearm muscle belly or high earthworm muscle belly. The condition is more common in women than men and may be related to endocrine disorders and synovial thickening. Patients generally feel numbness or pain in the thumb, index finger, middle finger and ring finger, mostly in one or both fingers, more obvious at night or early in the morning, and individual patients can wake up at night because of numbness and pain. The pain can be radiated to the elbow, and the symptoms can be relieved by shaking the hand, massage, or squeezing the hand or wrist. The fingers often feel weak and the movement is not flexible. In severe cases, atrophy of the greater interphalangeal muscle may occur. Wrist flexion test: extreme palmar flexion of the wrist joint, after one minute, the numbness of the fingers is aggravated by self-consciousness is positive. Percussion test: If you tap the palmar side of the wrist with your finger, if you have abnormal finger sensation, it is positive. Electromyography: Early cases can be examined by electromyography to help confirm the diagnosis. High-frequency ultrasonography: High-frequency ultrasonography can be used to observe the nerve compression, cause, location and nerve edema. Conservative treatment can be used in the early stage of the disease. Generally, if there is no improvement after 2 months of conservative treatment, then active surgery should be performed to explore and release the nerve, otherwise muscle atrophy may occur in the late stage and affect the prognosis. In early cases, endoscopic decompression of the transverse carpal ligament can be performed; in advanced cases, open median nerve release is decided according to the compression of the median nerve, which is a very traumatic procedure with a long scar and more complications. In menopausal or menopausal female patients, it is usually caused by synovial thickening, and once the diagnosis is confirmed, the operation can be advanced appropriately. Now endoscopic carpal tunnel decompression has been carried out, which has the advantages of less trauma and smaller scar. After the intraoperative wound is sutured, the wound is basically invisible and the postoperative scar is very small.