Renal puncture biopsy, also referred to as renal puncture, is the only method for the pathological diagnosis of kidney disease. It is also the gold standard for the diagnosis of kidney disease. It refers to the application of a puncture needle into the living kidney tissue to remove a small amount of kidney tissue for pathological analysis. At present, there are mainly 2 methods, one is the open puncture kidney biopsy method and the other is the transdermal puncture kidney biopsy method, and the latter method is the commonly used method at home and abroad. The importance of renal puncture biopsy is as follows: 1, clear diagnosis to develop a suitable treatment plan, such as clinical primary nephrotic syndrome, which can have a variety of types of pathology, different pathological changes of nephrotic syndrome, in the treatment effect and disease regression are different. Without kidney puncture examination, it is impossible to make a correct diagnosis and therefore to formulate a reasonable treatment plan. 2.Judging prognosis: kidney puncture biopsy can visually discover the glomerular changes and suggest the prognosis, so that kidney disease patients can have a clearer understanding of their condition, guide the correct lifestyle and improve the quality of life. 3.Some studies show that the revision rate of clinical diagnosis after kidney biopsy reaches 34~63% and the revision rate of treatment plan reaches 19~36%. Therefore, renal puncture biopsy is very necessary for patients with kidney disease.