Due to the influence of physiological factors and various chronic diseases of the elderly, the body’s resistance decreases and the heart is not fully functional, so various tissues and organs of the body are more vulnerable to the invasion of various bacteria and viruses. Endocarditis, as a heart disease, is a serious threat to the health of the elderly population. Although endocarditis can be treated surgically, the physical condition of the elderly can no longer withstand the greater surgical trauma, so prevention of endocarditis in the elderly is a concern for every elderly person and their family members. Infective endocarditis in the elderly is a disease that is difficult to treat and has a high mortality rate, so prevention of the disease is more important than aggressive treatment. Preventive measures, mainly targeting the causes of the disease in the elderly, can often yield better results. The elderly often suffer from dental caries, periodontal disease, etc., and are prone to streptococcal bacteremia during dental treatment, so intramuscular injection of procaine penicillin 1.2 million U and streptomycin 1 g should be given 1 h before treatment. gram-negative bacilli or enterococci bacteremia can also occur during urological, gynecological or gastrointestinal examinations or surgery, so antibiotics should be given 1 h before surgery, and then given once after 12 h. In particular, antibiotics should be given prophylactically to the elderly when performing prosthetic valve replacement, both preoperatively and postoperatively. The risk of infection and the potential for bacteremia are both high with valve replacement. In addition, when dental management or nasopharyngeal surgery is performed in elderly patients with heart valves, antibiotics should be given orally or intramuscularly 1 h before surgery to prevent infective endocarditis. However, Vander Meer et al. disputed the efficacy of applying antibiotics to prevent autochthonous valve endocarditis, and their clinical observations showed that the preventive effect was only 6%. A lot of endocarditis in the elderly is caused by infection, so if there are symptoms related to discomfort must pay attention to safety and good care to prevent infection , to go to the regular hospital for examination, early diagnosis and treatment.