Infective endocarditis is an inflammation of the heart valves, endocardium, and endothelium of blood vessels due to direct infection by bacteria, fungi, or other microorganisms. Infective endocarditis is primarily an inflammatory damage of the heart valves and is generally classified as acute (symptoms appear within 6 weeks prior to diagnosis) and subacute (symptoms appear 6 weeks-3 months prior to diagnosis) endocarditis, depending on the evolution and severity of the disease course. 1. Acute infective endocarditis often occurs in normal hearts, often with sudden onset, with high fever, chills, and significant systemic toxemia, and can often progress rapidly to acute heart failure leading to death. Subacute infective endocarditis is slow in onset, fever is most common, patients may have progressive anemia, sometimes to a severe degree, even the most prominent symptoms, anemia causes general weakness, weakness and shortness of breath. Signs are mainly murmurs of pre-existing heart disease or murmurs of a normal heart. Petechiae of the skin and mucous membranes, linear hemorrhage under the nail bed, Osler’s node, and Janeway damage have decreased significantly in recent years. The spleen often has mild to moderate enlargement. Treatment: 1) Pharmacological treatment; 2) Surgical treatment; Patients with autologous valve endocarditis are treated with valve repair or replacement surgery. Indications for surgery: 1) refractory congestive heart failure; 2) persistent sepsis; 3) infection with a virulent pathogen that cannot be controlled by drugs; 4) recurrent peripheral vascular or cerebrovascular embolism; 5) spread of infection to extravalvular tissues, forming perivalvular abscesses or myocardial abscesses, septal perforations, and septic pericarditis. Surgical approaches for mitral valve endocarditis include patch repair for valve leaflet perforation, rectangular resection and tendon transfer for posterior leaflet perforation, mitral valve replacement, and surgical approach for aortic valve endocarditis, complete removal of infected or necrotic tissue and superfluous organisms around healthy tissue and complete debridement of abscesses. Aortic valve replacement, aortic root replacement. Surgical approach for tricuspid valve endocarditis, valve repair, valve replacement. 3. Postoperative management 1) Continued anti-infective therapy Continuous use of appropriate antimicrobial agents for 4-6 weeks; 2) Systemic supportive therapy; 3) Enhanced support of cardiac function.