There has been some progress in neuroimaging research and treatment of glioma, but the prognosis of glioblastoma is not yet satisfactory. For glioblastoma, the median survival benefit is only 1.4 months with surgery combined with supportive care alone; 5.5 months with surgery combined with radiotherapy; 13 months with surgery combined with temozolomide concurrent radiotherapy; 16.5 months with surgery combined with temozolomide concurrent radiotherapy and 6 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy; and 24.6 months with surgery combined with long-cycle temozolomide concurrent radiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy. The median survival benefit was 24.6 months for surgery combined with temozolomide and 6 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy. Even so, the 5-year survival rate for glioblastoma patients is less than 10%. Therefore, the treatment of glioma requires multidisciplinary cooperation among neurosurgery, radiotherapy, oncology, pathology and rehabilitation, following evidence-based medicine, individualized and comprehensive treatment, standardized and optimized treatment protocols, with the aim of achieving maximum therapeutic benefit, prolonging progression-free survival and overall survival, and improving the quality of survival.