Scoliosis, as the name implies, is a lateral curvature of the crest. In a normal person, the crest is straight from the front, while in a patient with scoliosis, the crest is curved in a “C” or “S” shape. In appearance, it may appear as unequal shoulders, asymmetrical thorax, elevated scapulae on one side and depression on the other, or full lumbar muscles on one side and emptiness on the other. Severe scoliosis not only significantly affects the appearance, but also leads to reduced space in the thoracic and abdominal cavities, as well as to pressure on the heart, lungs, and digestive tract, resulting in corresponding dysfunction. There are many causes of scoliosis, which can be broadly classified as congenital or acquired. Congenital causes refer to abnormal crestal development that occurs during the fetal stage before birth. The critical period of crestal development during the embryonic period is the 5th and 6th weeks of gestation, which is the time of crestal segmentation. If the fetus is affected by drugs, viruses, and physical and chemical factors during this period, it is prone to crestal developmental malformations. Acquired scoliosis tends to occur in adolescence, mostly after the age of 10, with more girls than boys, especially in patients with a curvature of more than 40 degrees, with girls accounting for more than 90% of the cases. The incidence of adolescent scoliosis is about 3%, i.e., three out of every hundred people, but the incidence of scoliosis over 40 degrees is much lower, about 0.3%. The causes of scoliosis in adolescents are not known, but in general it does not simply occur from sitting and sleeping in the wrong position or carrying a school bag in the wrong way. Rather, there are more intrinsic causes related to developmental abnormalities, neuromuscular imbalances, endocrine disorders, or impaired homeostatic regulation. There is no way to predict who will develop adolescent scoliosis and who will not. Parents should be alert to the possibility of scoliosis if they notice asymmetries in the shoulders or low back of their child. An X-ray of the crest should be taken to the hospital to determine if the child has scoliosis. If scoliosis is present, a doctor should measure the angle. Generally speaking, scoliosis within 20 degrees requires only exercise and regular x-ray observation; scoliosis between 20 and 40 degrees requires exercise and brace treatment; and scoliosis over 40 degrees requires surgical correction. Exercises mainly include lateral bending, swallow flying and swimming. Lateral bending is suitable for “C” shaped (single bend) scoliosis, but not recommended if it is “S” shaped (“S” shaped means both thoracic bend and lumbar bend). Bend in the opposite direction of the crestal bend to counteract the scoliosis. 50-100 per day, in 2-3 sets to complete. Swallow fly, can exercise the back muscles, increase soft tissue balance, 50-100 per day, in 2-3 groups to complete. As for swimming, freestyle and breaststroke are both available. The brace treatment must be tailored by a professional technician after 600-1000 meters per day. After wearing the brace for about 1 hour, we should take a film to see the effect of brace correction, the effect is the effect of brace correction, and we can also feel whether the brace is suitable or not, if we feel uncomfortable, we can ask the technician to adjust it. The brace must be worn for 20-22 hours a day, including the time of sleeping, and only when taking a bath or exercising can it not be worn. When you first wear the brace, the skin of certain orthopedic areas of the body will become red, so parents need to apply hot compresses and massage with emollients every day to avoid abrasion of the skin. Every six months, we need to take pictures for review to know the maintenance of the orthodontic effect. The brace needs to be replaced once a year. If the scoliosis is found to be worse than 10 degrees and the total curvature is more than 40 degrees, surgery should be considered. The brace usually needs to be worn until the age of 16, and girls usually wear it until 3 years after menstruation. Surgical treatment involves the implantation of a metal nail bar stent in the body, thereby correcting and maintaining the curved crest. Since the stents are titanium alloy, they do not interact with your own tissues, so they do not cause adverse reactions in your body and can therefore remain in place for life. Even if the stent is removed for some reason, the corrected crest will not be re-curved because of the removal of the stent, because the stent is placed along with an implant, which is a granulated bone placed on the dorsal side of the crest that will hold the crest in place after it heals. In other words, about six months after surgery, the metal brace loses its role in supporting the crest, and the maintenance of the crest curvature then depends mainly on the fused granular bone. It is not recommended to try yoga, massage, traction or medication for the correction of scoliosis, nor is bracing recommended for adults. These are not scientifically based and have been tried and proven ineffective in a large number of patients. These treatments are often done in small to medium sized hospitals, but often for commercial purposes with very limited end results. Although some patients have a family history of scoliosis, the vast majority of patients do not pass on scoliosis to the next generation. In adulthood, scoliosis beyond 25 degrees also progresses slowly, at an average rate of 1 degree per year. Scoliosis does not affect pregnancy or childbirth, but pregnancy and childbirth can aggravate scoliosis because of ligamentous laxity during pregnancy and the increased load on the crest due to carrying children after childbirth, both of which often lead to significant progression of scoliosis; second, after age 60, when osteoporosis can weaken the crest. The original scoliosis will become more and more curved under the effect of gravity. Therefore, patients with scoliosis should take conscious measures at these two stages, i.e., to hold the child as little as possible after childbirth, to start calcium supplementation after the age of 40, and to take regular calcium supplementation after the age of 50.