The best treatment for perianal cysts is surgery, so not having surgery is not an option. If surgery is not performed, the cyst may be aggravated by concurrent infections and even fistulas may appear in the perianal area, which means the formation of anal fistulas, making surgery very difficult and the treatment cycle longer, adding pain and financial burden to the patient. As perianal abscesses are caused by repeated infections due to inflammation of the anal sinus, many people suffer from repeated constipation or diarrhea that induces increased infection of the perianal soft tissue. After the diagnosis of perianal abscess is clear, surgical incision and drainage should be performed, detailed exploration should be conducted during the surgery, anti-infection treatment should be systematically carried out after the surgery, and the underlying disease should also be corrected, and the patient should be advised to increase nutrition and have regular drug changes after the surgery.