Perianal cysts are usually not self-healing and appear as localized swellings with a smooth, well-defined surface and good mobility. On palpation, it is cystic in sensation, and some patients will have painful symptoms if secondary infection occurs. The most common cause is infection of the perianal sebaceous glands, and after diagnosis, if there is significant defecation abnormality or discomfort, surgical removal is an option, usually under local anesthesia and in an outpatient operating room. During the surgery, care should be taken to avoid rupture of the cyst and infection of the surrounding soft tissues, complete removal of the cyst wall to prevent recurrence after surgery, and postoperative symptomatic treatment such as infection prevention due to the special anatomical location of the perianal area. After each bowel movement, if the wound or incision is contaminated, it should be cleaned or changed in time, and saline baths can also be chosen.