Benign nodules: Most require only follow-up and no treatment. Surgery can be considered in the following cases: 1. local pressure symptoms. 2. Combined with hyperthyroidism, medical treatment is not effective. 3.Nodules located in the posterior sternum or mediastinum. 4. Progressive growth of the nodule, with clinical consideration of malignant tendency. Benign nodules with autonomic function and hyperthyroidism can be treated with iodine 131, but it is not recommended for pregnant and lactating women and for those with pressure symptoms and located in the sternum. Malignant nodules: prompt surgical consultation.