Dietary guidance According to the injured part and the degree of abdominal distension to determine the time of eating, after the injury can drink water, gradually transition to fluid, semi-fluid diet and soft food, follow the principle of small amount of multiple times. Functional exercise 1. Exercise the muscles of upper limbs and chest and back to get ready for going down to the ground with the help of crutches. Wu Yongchao, Department of Orthopaedics, Wuhan Union Medical College Hospital, Wuhan, China 2. Exercise the low back muscles actively (1) Five-point support method: lie on your back, use your head, elbows and feet to support the whole body, so that the back will try its best to be vacated and then stretched out, and you can practise this method 1 week after the injury. (2) Dorsal extension method: lie down, raise the head, chest off the bed, both upper limbs to the back, straighten the knees, lift both legs from the bed, 4 weeks after the injury can practice this method. (3) Straight-leg raising exercises for lower limb muscle strength: the lower limbs should be straight, the muscles should be tense, and the lower limbs should be raised and lowered slowly. When cervical spinal cord injury occurs, vegetative nervous system dysfunction often results in hyperthermia or hypothermia. For high temperature, air conditioner can be used to regulate room temperature, ice packs, alcohol bath, warm water bath, ice water enema and other methods to cool down; for low temperature, hot water bag should be used to keep warm, but the temperature should be ≤50°C, and wrapped in a cloth bag to prevent scalding of the skin. Prevention of decubitus ulcers (1) lying on an air mattress bed, turning over and massaging the bony prominences 1-2 times every 2-3 hours; if the skin tissue is reactive and congested, it is not recommended to massage it, but gently massaging around the reddened skin to promote local blood circulation. (2) horizontal position need to raise the head of the bed, generally not higher than 30 degrees; such as the need for semi-recumbent position, the bottom of the foot should be placed on a solid wooden cushion or rocking up the end of the bed, flexion of the hips at 30 degrees, hip padded soft pillows, to prevent the body from sliding down the move. (3) Skin care: warm water bath 2 times / day, to keep the skin clean and promote blood circulation throughout the body. Do not rub hard to prevent damage to the skin. For dry and rough skin, use skin disease powder or talcum powder to keep the skin lubricated. Prevention of pulmonary complications (1) Pay attention to keep warm in winter to avoid catching cold and inducing respiratory tract infection. (2) Brush your own teeth when your condition permits and rinse your mouth after eating to keep your mouth clean. (3) Deep breathing training by blowing balloons and bubbles. (4) Cough and aspirate effectively; inhale deeply, cough when exhaling about one-third of the breath, and repeat to cough out the phlegm. Sixth, the prevention of urinary tract infections and stones (1) keep the perineum clean and hygienic; wipe and wash twice a day. Wipe and wash in time after urine and feces pollution. For female patients with urinary incontinence, use the good absorbency “urine”, male patients use the penis sleeve to connect the drainage tube and urine bag. (2) Continuous drainage of urine for 2 weeks after the injury, and then open every 2-4 hours. If the urine appears cloudy, it means there is infection, anti-infection at the same time should continue to drain. (3)Drink more water, 4000ml/day, which is conducive to flushing the sediment in urine. (4)Train the bladder reflex to urinate; when the bladder is distended, the patient may have a feeling of lower abdominal distension or sweating and other discomforts, the operator massages the patient’s lower abdomen with the right hand from the outside to the inside, exerts even force, from light to heavy, to be shrunken into a ball shape of the bladder, one hand presses the base of the bladder tightly, and squeezes the bladder towards the front and downward, and presses the back of the right hand with the left hand to press the bladder when urination occurs, and when urine is no longer excreted, releases the hand to press the bladder again and again, and strives to drain urine completely. The urine should be drained out. (1) Prevent constipation; rub the abdomen 2-3 times/day, with the umbilicus as the center of the clockwise direction around the massage to prevent constipation. (2) In case of fecal incontinence, it should be wiped in time; in the absence of intestinal inflammation, taking laxatives at regular intervals serves to cleanse the intestines. VIII. Prevention of limb deformity (1) Support the feet with foot guards or protective pads, avoid foot drop when turning over, and avoid deformity by active or passive movement of the ankle joint. (2) Move the hip to the maximum extent every day, paying attention to full extension and abduction. Fully straighten the knee joint several times a day.