Click on the blue word above to pay attention to spinal injury spine, spinal cord by direct or indirect mechanical external force, causing various types of spinal fracture, dislocation, so that the stability of its destruction, and the instability of the spine is the main cause of spinal cord injury. Incorrect handling methods during first aid and transportation can aggravate spinal cord injury and even cause complete severance of the spinal cord, resulting in lifelong disability or even death of a part of the patients, which is difficult to recover. Therefore, the use of the correct method of pre-hospital first aid to carry patients with spinal fracture, can effectively reduce the disability and death rate of patients with spinal fracture. So, how to correctly first aid? First of all, the first to determine the situation by asking the patient and checking the first 4 have one of them, plus the 5th, 6 that is, consider the possibility of vertebral fracture, that is, according to the requirements of spinal fracture first aid. 1, fall from a height, buttocks or limbs first landed 2, heavy objects from a height directly on the head or shoulders 3, violence directly impact on the spine 4, is bending the back when the back was squeezed pressure 5, back and waist of the spine pressure, swelling, or bulging, deformity 6, numbness of the limbs, weakness or inability to move 2, the correct first aid measures 1, quickly evacuate the casualty may occur again trauma scene, avoid repeating or aggravating the trauma. Avoid repeating or aggravating the trauma. 2. If the casualty is in respiratory difficulty or unconscious, suck out the secretion in the mouth in time to keep the airway open. Oxygen should be given to those who have the condition. 3.Spinal cord injury combined with life-threatening craniocerebral injury (such as cerebral hernia), thoracic and abdominal organ injuries (such as hemopneumothorax, liver and spleen rupture, etc.) or shock, should be dealt with as soon as possible when these combined injuries. 4, neck injury with paraplegic casualty, transportation should pay special attention to fix the head. The back of the neck can be padded with small cloth rolls or thin pillows, and clothes or sandbags should be placed on both sides of the neck to prevent twisting. This kind of casualty in the evacuation of the way at any time there is a risk of sudden cessation of respiration, special attention should be paid to the observation and preparation of the necessary equipment, respiratory cessation line artificial respiration. 5.After the spinal fracture, the patient cannot be moved easily, and should be fixed in place according to the posture of the injured. In prone position, the vertical plate should be close to the spine in the way of “work”, and the two horizontal plates should be placed on the shoulders and waist, and the protruding part of the spine should be padded with gauze and cotton before fixation, and then the shoulders should be fixed first and the cloth belt should be knotted on the chest, and then the waist should be fixed. If the injured person is lying on his back and does not need to be moved, he can simply place soft cushions under his waist, knees, ankles and beside his body to fix the position of his body. If the accident scene is still dangerous must move, carry the casualty to a safe place, should be careful to avoid bending and twisting of the spine, absolutely prohibit a person to lift the shoulders and a person to lift the legs of the wrong way to hold. (As shown in the picture) 6, cervical spine fracture patients, to fix the head and neck, to be supported by a person to support the head or fixed with a wire helmet. For thoracolumbar spine fracture casualty, in the process of transportation, should always keep the spine in the center position, at least three people at the same time to carry the casualty, carrying three people are squatting on the side of the casualty, one person to hold the shoulder, one person is responsible for the waist and buttocks, one person to hold the straightening of the lower limbs, coordinated to move the patient to the flatbed, take the supine position, surrounded by a good soft fabric pads. Then, quickly transfer to the hospital with conditions for further examination and treatment. Third, how to safely carry the patient spinal fracture immobilization method shall not easily move the casualty. It is strictly prohibited to hold the head of one person, another person to lift the feet and other uncoordinated movements. If the casualty is prone position, can be “work” splint fixation, will be two horizontal plate pressure vertical plate were placed on the shoulders and lumbosacral transverse, in the spine to live in the concave and convex parts of the placement of the liner, first of all, with a triangular towel or cloth tape to fix the two shoulders, and then fix the lumbosacral region. Cervical spine trauma patients with suspected cervical spine injury must be kept at the same level of the head and torso during transportation to prevent hyperextension, hyperextension and rotation of the cervical spine, which may cause re-injury and aggravate the condition. In the transportation of cervical spine injury, the first external fixation with a neck brace, there should be a person to support the head and neck, along the longitudinal axis of the direction of a slight traction, and make the head and neck with the trunk with the roll. Or, the injured person should hold the head with both hands and then move it slowly. Or one person’s hands to support the pillow, jaw, maintain the position of the neck after the injury, the other two were supported by the waist and back, buttocks and lower limbs, it is strictly prohibited to move the head by force. When the injured person is lying on the board, sandbag or folded clothes should be placed on both sides of the neck to be fixed. Suspected cervical spine injury, in the casualty lying down, with sandbags (or other alternatives) placed on both sides of the head to immobilize the neck. Thoracolumbar spine fracture casualty handling with real air cushion external fixation, so that the casualty lying flat on a hard board bed, the body on both sides of the pillow, clothing stuffed tightly, fixed spine for the straight position. Carrying three people need to work at the same time, the specific practice is: three people are squatting on the side of the injured, one person to support the shoulders and back, one person to support the waist and buttocks, one person to support the lower limbs, coordinated action, will be placed on the patient supine position in the hardboard stretcher, the waist with mattresses cushion up. The casualty lies flat on a hard wooden board (or door board), and the lumbar spine trunk and two lower limbs are immobilized together to prevent paralysis. Carrying should be kept smooth, not twisted. It is strictly prohibited to lift the armpits of one person, another person to lift the lower limbs of the “crane type” wrong handling methods. The head of the casualty should be at the back when carrying on the ground, and the head should be on the top when going up the stairs, down the stairs, or down the slope, and the casualty should be closely observed during the carrying to prevent the sudden change of the injury condition. When transporting paraplegic patients, a soft mattress should be laid on the board, and the hard objects in the patient’s clothes should be taken out in time to prevent pressure injuries. The use of hot water bags or saline bottles to keep the patient warm is generally not recommended to avoid burns.