Pediatric hernia: 1. Surgery True inguinal hernias do not heal on their own and usually require surgery. Because of the high chance of impaction, especially in small infants, surgery should be performed quickly. If surgery is performed within 1 month of diagnosis, 90% of the complications are avoided. 2. Anesthesia. Previously healthy full-term children or older children are usually treated with endotracheal general anesthesia, which is a very safe method. 3.Age for 1 day surgery. Gestational week + actual age > 60 weeks. 4. Timing of surgery It is recommended to perform hernia surgery soon after diagnosis. Because the complications of hernia surgery can be greatly reduced and modern anesthesia is safe, especially in a specialized children’s hospital like the Provincial Maternity Hospital. For premature infants, surgery is recommended when the child’s weight increases to 2Kg before discharge from the hospital. 5. Incidence of contralateral hernia About 20% of unilateral hernias can develop a contralateral hernia after surgery. Laparoscopy allows simultaneous exploration of both sides. Initially, tightening of the hernia ring leads to obstruction of venous and lymphatic return and secondary swelling of the internal organs. If progression continues, termination of the arterial blood supply will lead to necrosis or perforation of the intestinal canal and other visceral organs. Strangulated hernias can also block the blood supply to the testes and lead to testicular injury. Children who have had an incarcerated hernia are more likely to develop testicular atrophy after hernia surgery.