Ocular trauma is caused by mechanical, physical and chemical factors acting directly on the eye, causing structural and functional damage to the eye. Due to the exposed position of the eye, the incidence of ocular trauma is high, and its consequences not only affect vision, but also leave disability and even loss of working ability in serious cases, and is the main cause of monocular blindness in children and young adults. Because of the large number of ocular trauma patients in China and the relative lag in the field of prevention and treatment, we find that many patients do not understand the serious consequences of ocular trauma and do not pay attention to it, resulting in delayed treatment and irreparable loss of vision. The following is a brief introduction to the emergency treatment of common eye trauma. 1, when the eye encountered fist, stone, ball hit, bruises, facial bruises and bleeding, how to deal with? Because of the rich distribution of blood vessels around the orbit, the face is prone to subcutaneous hemorrhage and bruises due to blunt blows. In addition, the transmission of blunt force in the eye and spherical wall can also cause multiple indirect injuries, resulting in intraocular hemorrhage, orbital fracture, corneal and scleral rupture, retinal detachment, etc. Treatment: After eye contusion, cold compresses should be applied 3 to 4 times a day; hot compresses should be applied 3 to 4 times a day for 15 minutes each time 48 hours after the hemorrhage has stopped. If you find that there is bleeding in the affected eye, or the pain is not reduced after taking the above measures, vision loss, you should promptly go to the hospital for a comprehensive examination. Common mistake: Apply a hot compress immediately. If it is a general eyelid bruise or bleeding, do not press or apply a hot compress after the injury to avoid aggravating the subcutaneous hematoma. 2. What should I do if a child is stabbed in the eye by a firecracker, slingshot, scissors, glass, etc. or if an adult encounters a small metal fragment or stone flying into the eye at high speed while working? This is mostly a penetrating eye injury, caused by a sharp object puncture or foreign object fragment piercing the eye, which can cause intraocular tissue damage or even detachment. In particular, some foreign bodies cause corneal penetration injuries, bringing a large number of bacteria into the eye, which can lead to endophthalmitis, total uveitis and even intracranial infection, which can be life-threatening. Treatment: Avoid squeezing and applying eye ointment, apply a suitably sized lid, disinfected by boiling water, etc., cover the prolapsed injured eye and bandage it, and quickly send it to the hospital for emergency treatment. For the foreign body inserted into the eye in principle should not be pulled out hard. At the same time, the injured person should try to avoid bumps and low head movements to prevent further dislodgement of the eye contents. Common mistake: Returning the contents to the eye socket or flushing with water. Both of these methods are not feasible and will only aggravate the injury or cause infection. 3, if accidentally sodium hydroxide, lime, ammonia, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, etc. into the eye how to deal with? Treatment: The eye should be flushed on the spot, repeatedly with plenty of water. Flushing should be done by turning the eyelids and rotating the eyeballs. You can also soak the casualty’s head into the basin and repeatedly open and close the eye to wash out the foreign body. After rinsing, take to hospital for treatment. Common mistake: Covering both eyes and rubbing with hands. In addition, children’s eye trauma is mostly accidental or accidental, the incidence is high, coupled with the uncooperative children, examination and treatment difficulties, poor prognosis, so the prevention and treatment of its work is particularly important, parents should put knives, scissors and other dangerous objects out of reach of children, do not buy poor quality, aggressive toys, do not allow children to play with disposable syringes, ban fireworks, firecrackers. In short, we should first strengthen the concept of eye protection, learn the correct initial treatment is extremely important to save the injured eye, after simple treatment need to timely go to a qualified eye hospital for a comprehensive examination and formal treatment to reduce infection and blindness and other complications.