Gallstone disease is usually caused by long-term mental stress, depression, bacterial or roundworm infection in the biliary system, or the preference for high-fat, high-cholesterol, high-sugar foods, obesity, genetics, rapid weight loss and other factors that lead to an imbalance in the ratio of cholesterol, unconjugated bilirubin, bile salts, calcium salts and other components in the bile, accumulating and precipitating, and decreasing the dynamics of the gallbladder and forming. Western medicine laparoscopic cholecystectomy, endoscopic sphincterotomy and fiberoptic choledochoscopy are invasive and prone to stone residue or stone formation after surgery; extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy can cause damage to the surrounding tissues and the efficacy is not satisfactory; oral lithotripsy is only suitable for cholesterol stones, with a long course of treatment, high side effects and easy to recur when the drug is stopped. Chinese medicine is effective in the treatment of cholelithiasis, with strong litholytic power and safe to take. This disease belongs to the category of “duress and biliary distension” in Chinese medicine, such as “the theory of distension”: “biliary distension is fullness under the duress, bitter in the mouth, and good at breathing”. If the spleen and stomach are damaged due to uncontrolled diet, over-eating of sweet and sour food or emotional disorders, or the liver and gallbladder are not drained, resulting in internal accumulation of dampness and heat or liver depression and stagnation, the bile is not excreted smoothly and condenses into stones over time. According to the clinical manifestations, the author divided the case into four types: damp-heat in liver and gallbladder, liver depression and qi stagnation, liver depression and spleen deficiency, and internal obstruction of blood stasis, and treated the case with the addition and subtraction of Bile and Stone Drainage Tang. The combination of the above herbs can help detoxify the liver and gallbladder, dissolve stones and drain them, and relieve pain. Modern pharmacological research has confirmed that the above herbs can promote bile secretion, increase bile acid content, lower cholesterol and blood lipid levels, enhance gallbladder contraction, promote bilirubin excretion from bile, and significantly reduce the tension of the sphincter of Oddi, enhance gastrointestinal peristalsis, so as to play a biliary anti-inflammatory, lithotripsy and lithotripsy, relieve pain and increase appetite. During the medication period, it is advisable to regulate the mood, avoid high-fat and high-sugar foods, avoid smoking, alcohol, strong tea, and moderate exercise.