Cervical cancer is the most common malignant tumor in gynecology. The disease is most common at the age of 35-39 and 60-64 years old, but in recent years it has shown a trend of younger incidence. Recent studies have found that human papillomavirus HPV is the main causative agent of the disease, while cervical cancer is also associated with early marriage, premature sex, multiple sexual partners, multiple sexual partners of each other, early childbirth, multiple births, race and geography. The most common symptom of cervical cancer is contact bleeding. Small lesions and low bleeding in early stage; enlarged lesions and high bleeding in late stage, and heavy bleeding may occur in individual patients. Patients in the reproductive stage mainly show increased menstrual volume, prolonged periods and shortened cycles, while elderly patients show irregular vaginal bleeding after menopause. The second symptom is vaginal fluid discharge, which is plasma or bloody, rice-water-like, and purulent or rice-soup-like foul-smelling leucorrhea when secondary infection occurs. The third symptom is the secondary symptoms when the cancer tissue invades the surrounding tissues, such as invasion of ureter, rectum, sciatic nerve, patients may have frequent urination, urgent urination, hematuria, anal swelling, constipation, swelling and pain of lower limbs, ureteral obstruction and hydronephrosis in severe cases, which may cause uremia. Of course, there are a few patients with no obvious clinical manifestations in the early stage. Prevention and treatment of cervical disease: Firstly, women over 18 years old who have sex should have annual gynecological examination and cervical cytology examination. Secondly, if patients find abnormal symptoms, they should have cervical cytology and human papillomavirus (HPV) tests in addition to routine gynecological examinations at the hospital in a timely manner. In addition, colposcopy can assist in the diagnosis of early cervical cancer, and for early lesions, its diagnostic accuracy rate is 98%. Once cervical cancer is diagnosed, early surgical treatment is feasible, and there are three types of surgery: cervical conization, total hysterectomy and wide hysterectomy with pelvic lymphatic dissection; cervical conization is suitable for young patients with precancerous cervical lesions or carcinoma in situ who wish to have children again; total hysterectomy is suitable for carcinoma in situ without fertility requirements; wide hysterectomy with pelvic lymphatic dissection is suitable for clinically invasive carcinoma. For advanced cervical cancer, radiotherapy or radiochemotherapy is required. For those who are treated surgically, they can choose supplementary radiotherapy or radiotherapy according to the presence or absence of lymphatic metastasis, the depth of infiltrating tissue and the type of pathology after surgery. Cervical cancer is a gynecological tumor caused by infectious diseases, and there are clinical early diagnosis methods. As long as prevention is the main focus, regular examination, early detection and treatment of precancerous diseases, the occurrence of cervical cancer can be stopped and clinical treatment effect can be improved.