Dietary considerations for diarrhea

  Prevent and correct imbalance of water and electrolyte balance, supply adequate nutrition and improve nutritional status. Avoid mechanical and chemical stimulation, so that the intestine can get proper rest, which is powerful for the early recovery of the disease.  Acute diarrhea (1) Fasting during the acute period: Temporary fasting is required during the acute watery diarrhea period to allow the intestine to rest completely. If necessary, intravenous fluids should be given to prevent dehydration due to excessive water loss.  (2) Light liquid diet: for those who do not need to fast, it is advisable to give a light liquid diet at the beginning of the illness, such as protein water, fruit juice, rice soup, thin noodle soup, etc., mainly salty. Early on, milk, sucrose and other fluid diets that are easy to produce gas are prohibited. Some patients do not adapt to milk, often aggravate diarrhea after taking milk, to be used with caution.  (3) Adjust the diet according to the condition: the number of bowel movements decreases, and after the symptoms are relieved, the diet is changed to a low-fat liquid diet or a low-fat semi-liquid diet with less residue, fine and easy to digest, such as rice porridge, lotus root powder, rotten noodles and noodles.  (4) Diet choice: After the basic cessation of diarrhea, supply low-fat semi-liquid diet with less residue or soft food. Small and frequent meals to facilitate digestion, such as noodles, porridge, steamed buns, soft rice, lean mashed meat, etc. Still should be appropriate to limit the vegetables and fruits containing more crude fiber, etc., and later gradually transition to universal diet.  (5) Vitamin supplementation: pay attention to the supplementation of vitamin B complex and vitamin C, such as fresh orange juice, fruit juice, tomato juice, vegetable soup, etc.  (6) dietary contraindications: prohibit alcohol, avoid fatty meat, hard and crude fiber vegetables, cold fruits and vegetables, fatty snacks and cold drinks, etc.  Chronic diarrhea (1) high protein, high caloric energy: daily caloric energy is 2500-3000 kal, protein supply 100g per day to replenish the energy consumed by the body due to long-term diarrhea, improve the state of anemia and malnutrition, and restore body weight.  (2) Low fat and low food fiber: daily fat supply is about 40g, too much fat is not easy to digest, and fatty acid can stimulate intestinal peristalsis. Low fiber can reduce intestinal peristaltic stimulation.  (3) adequate water and rich vitamins and minerals: daily water supply of 2 000 ~ 3 000 ml. should supply sufficient vitamins, especially vitamin B and potassium supplementation is important, can use beef juice, juice, soy, spinach, etc.  (4) Dietary contraindications: For osmotic diarrhea caused by lactose intolerance, remove lactose from the diet or add lactase; avoid fat intake for fatty leaks caused by malabsorption. Hard foods, such as ham, sausage, cured meat and stimulating foods such as chili, wine, mustard, curry, etc. are prohibited.