Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease. Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune connective tissue disease that occurs in women of childbearing age and affects many organs of the body. The pathogenesis is still unclear, and it is related to a variety of factors such as heredity, sex hormones and infections. Currently, it is believed that SLE is associated with immune system disorders, and the production of large amounts of autoantibodies in the body causes extensive tissue damage and multi-system clinical symptoms. Due to the unknown cause, SLE cannot be cured at present, and is mainly treated with prednisone, hydroxychloroquine, and immunosuppressants such as methotrexate to alleviate symptoms and reduce organ damage. SLE patients need to pay attention to sun protection, balanced diet, healthy work and rest, and regular monitoring and evaluation of their condition. Patients are advised to seek timely medical treatment and follow the doctor’s instructions to improve the prognosis of the disease.