The so-called isolated pulmonary nodules are round or oval dense shadows in the lung parenchyma without hilar and mediastinal lymph node enlargement, pulmonary atelectasis or pneumonia, usually <3 cm in diameter . The diagnosis and treatment of small pulmonary nodules have always been a difficult clinical problem and a hot topic of discussion. It is difficult to determine the nature of small pulmonary nodules from the symptoms and signs of patients alone, and many have no symptoms or only symptoms such as cough and sputum. Because small nodules often lack typical diagnostic imaging features, especially those with a diameter of 2.0 cm or more have imaging manifestations such as burr, cut marks, and pleural invagination, while lesions with a diameter of about 1.0 cm are difficult to show the above signs, thus posing difficulties in diagnosis. The existing tumor marker tests have little significance in the diagnosis of small pulmonary nodules in the early stage. Sputum examination for tumor cells, search for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and bronchoscopy are not very helpful in the diagnosis of isolated small nodules in the peripheral type lung. The duration of clinical observation of small pulmonary nodules is difficult to determine, as early lung cancer, scar carcinoma, and alveolar cell carcinoma can remain unchanged significantly for longer periods of time. Pathological diagnosis is still the gold standard for final confirmation of the diagnosis. Applying minimally invasive thoracic surgery techniques to wedge the lung tissue with the presence of small nodules in the lung can both clarify the diagnosis and seize the best time for treatment, and avoid damage to other organ tissues due to inappropriate medication. Therefore, for lung nodules that are difficult to be completely distinguished from lung cancer, the possibility of malignant lesions should be considered until a conclusive diagnosis of benign lesions is obtained to avoid delaying treatment. Thoracoscopic surgery not only improves the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of isolated pulmonary nodules, but also obtains the pathological diagnosis and the diagnosis of malignancy. It not only improves the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of isolated pulmonary nodules, but also removes the lesion while obtaining the pathological diagnosis, which is easily accepted by both patients and clinicians