1, the definition and symptoms of vitiligo?
Vitiligo is a common acquired restrictive or generalized skin pigmentation loss disease. The actual fact is that there is no significant difference in the prevalence of this disease between men and women, all ages can be affected, but the majority of the 10-30 years old group. The lesions start as one or several hypopigmented patches with unclear boundaries and gradually expand into well-defined milky white patches, usually without any symptoms. The skin is usually found in exposed areas and friction areas, such as the face, neck, back of the hand, wrist, forearm and lumbosacral area, the lips of the mouth, labia, glans and inner mucosa of the foreskin can also be involved. Vitiligo generally appears in three ways, confined to one area or occurring only unilaterally on the trunk (segmental), but most patients have a wide distribution of lesions over multiple areas of the body (generalized), or on the face and distal limbs (facial limb). The hair in the white spots can be white or normal, and sometimes even affect the eye color or retina.
2, the cause of vitiligo ? It is not completely clear, there are several theories.
(1) genetic susceptibility.
(2) autoimmune system abnormalities (with hypothyroidism, alopecia, pernicious anemia);
(3) neuropsychiatric factors (trauma and overexertion can increase mutual interference between melanocytes and the nervous system);
(4) melanocyte self-destruction (exposure to phenols and other chemicals), resulting in the inhibition of the tyrosine system or the destruction of melanocytes, eventually leading to pigment loss in the affected area. Trauma, sun exposure, some photosensitive drugs, etc. can also be induced.
3, the characteristic treatment of vitiligo?
(1) Phototherapy: narrow wave UVB, 2-3 times a week.
(2) Local topical hormone or TCI.
(3) supplementation of trace elements and immunomodulation.
(4) Internal and external rubbing of Chinese herbal medicine; or plum blossom acupuncture or acupuncture therapy.
(5) individualized and psychological intervention treatment.
4, vitiligo treatment course?
Adhere to the above combined treatment, the average 3 weeks after the pigmentation began to recover; face faster than the limb white spot recovery, treatment for 2-3 months without pigmentation regeneration, can discontinue treatment, switch to other methods.
Vitiligo daily life tips
1, keep a relaxed mood and optimism, build confidence, avoid mood swings and mental stimulation.
2, a reasonable diet, do not paranoid anorexia.
3, environment: dampness, rain, water, wind chill, etc. may induce vitiligo.
4, infection, trauma, frostbite, burns, friction, pressure and mechanical stimulation are likely to induce vitiligo.
5, avoid long time, strong sun exposure. Many patients are often triggered by hot summer outings, travel, and business trips.
6, try to reduce the inhalation of harmful gases, exercise or morning exercise should be chosen in the fresh air. In newly renovated houses, the floor tiles and marble may contain radioactive substances, and should be ventilated for a period of time before moving in.
7, careful use of topical drugs to prevent irritation of the skin, especially the face of the topical drugs should be paid special attention.
8, with eczema, dermatitis, insect bites and other skin diseases should be treated early.
9, avoid contact with phenol and phenolic compounds, such as frequent contact with rubber products: rubber gloves, rubber shoelaces, etc. often cause local decoloration and white spots, and also in the distant parts of the white spot damage. Hydroquinone and other major components of spot creams can also cause white spots on the face or hands.