Extrapleural thoracoplasty is a procedure in which a group of ribs is removed under the periosteum to collapse the local chest wall in order to shrink the chest cavity in that area. 6 to 8 weeks after surgery the new ribs from the periosteum will keep the local chest wall collapsed and shrink the chest cavity forever. Thoracoplasty is commonly used for chronic abscess thorax. Factors such as untimely treatment or inappropriate management of acute abscess chest, residual foreign body in the chest cavity, failure to cure the primary disease causing abscess chest or specific infection can lead to chest wall collapse. Because the disease is a serious wasting disease, timely treatment and nutritional supply should be ensured. The following examinations are required for chest wall collapse: 1. X-ray Pleural hypertrophy on the affected side, narrow rib space, large gross office-like faint shadow with increased density. The mediastinum is shifted to the affected side and the diaphragm is elevated. High voltage film or body layer film can show the hypertrophy of pleura, abscess cavity and lung tissue. The presence of a fluid plane indicates that there was a pulmonary air leak or that a bronchopleural fistula is still present. The size and location of the abscess cavity can be clarified in combination with a frontal and lateral chest radiograph. When there is a fluid level, the horizontal projection in the healthy side can show the location of the bottom of the abscess cavity. 2.CT examination can further clarify whether there are lesions in the lung tissue, such as tuberculosis, bronchial dilatation, cysts or abscesses, which can be of great help in formulating the surgical plan. If there are intrapulmonary lesions, it is often necessary to perform thoracic exfoliation plus lobectomy or even total pneumonectomy, or thoracoplasty. 3.B-type ultrasonography In the fluid dark daze of pleural effusion because of the fluid within the cellular components, often aggregated with each other, forming flocculent, so the sonogram is seen with fine echogenicity of unequal intensity and uneven division, and slightly floating phenomenon. If the patient moves the body rapidly, it is seen that the liquid fairy echogenic floating enhancement, or even roll up and down, which is very easy to identify.