After discontinuing the ventilator, the patient can continue to be allowed to inhale humidified, warmed gas containing a certain oxygen concentration through a tracheal intubation or tracheotomy tube, while observing general condition and blood gases to confirm that the patient no longer needs mechanical ventilation therapy, and can be extubated. For those who have no difficulty in discontinuing the ventilator, only about 1h observation is required, but for patients on long-term ventilation therapy, at least 24h observation is required after discontinuing the ventilator. 1.Extract the tracheal intubation and give appropriate explanation to the patient before extubation. The patient is placed in a semi-sitting position, and artificial respiration is first given with a simple ventilator to fully expand the patient’s lungs, while oxygen is administered. Then suction the secretions in the airway and mouth, especially around the capsule. The patient is then extubated quickly by suctioning out the gas in the capsule. Immediately after extubation, the patient should be allowed to cough to keep the airway open. The time of extubation should be chosen, usually in the morning, to allow for patient monitoring. Some patients may develop laryngeal edema after extubation, which manifests as inspiratory dyspnea. Clinically, patients may be found to have retraction of the suprasternal fossa and trachea and soft tissues during inspiration, accompanied by inspiratory croup. If such a condition occurs it is first treated conservatively. (1) inhalation of cold, moistened gas; (2) patient in sitting position; (3) epinephrine (1‰) 0.25 to 0.5 ml in 3 ml saline and wet inhalation with a mask every 3 to 4 h; (4) flumethasone 1 mg in 10 ml saline inhalation; (5) flumethasone 4 mg intravenously every 4 to 6 h for a short period of time (about 3 days), if ineffective or in case of (5) Apply flumethasone 4mg intravenously every 4-6 hours for a short period of time (about 3 days), if it is ineffective or if life-threatening tracheal obstruction occurs, it is necessary to reintubate immediately. 2.Extraction of tracheotomy tube is generally similar to the above method. After extraction, the incision opening should be covered with sterile gauze. When the patient coughs or speaks, he should press the area with his hand, and the incision opening can be closed after a few days. Fasting should be done within a few hours after extraction, and later on, liquid food should be introduced first, and then regular diet if there is no aspiration. Individual patients have impaired swallowing function after extraction, which can last for several weeks in severe cases.