Wasting and weakness in patients is caused by many diseases, including hormonal disorders, endocrine diseases, and malignancies. The most common clinical conditions are type 2 diabetes, malignant cancer, and electrolyte disorders, all of which can lead to rapid weight loss and even generalized weakness. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a common disease that is associated with not only weight loss but also hyperphagia, excessive urination and other symptoms. Blood tests to identify high blood glucose, oral medications and insulin, and treatment of the primary cause can treat the symptoms of wasting and weakness at the root.