Diet and life considerations for patients with kidney disease
I. Patients with stones
1. For all patients with urinary stones, drinking more water and urinating regularly is a must.
2. In case of unknown nature of stones, it is recommended to reduce the following diets: oxalic acid and calcium rich foods, animal protein rich foods, strong tea. 3. If the nature of the stone is known, then a targeted control diet is recommended.
Oxalate stones: mostly generated from food, some can also be generated by endogenous mechanism. Diet should be prohibited from vegetables containing high oxalic acid, such as spinach, amaranth, water spinach, green garlic, onion, wild rice, various bamboo shoots, etc. Oral administration of 5 mg of folic acid and 10 mg of pyridoxine can prevent the conversion of glycine to oxalic acid. Patients with these stones should drink more water.
Phosphate stones: Since they are formed in alkaline urine, more acidic foods should be consumed, while limiting foods high in calcium. Acid-forming foods such as livestock and poultry meat, fish and shrimp, cereals and peanuts, etc.
Uric acid salt stones: caused by hyperuricemia, so foods high in purines such as animal offal, thick broth, mushrooms, peas, sardines, anchovies, roe, etc. should be abstained. Do not drink beer.
Calcium salt stones: kidney stones diet contraindications, it is advisable to limit the high calcium content of milk, cheese, shrimp, etc.. Should eat more acid-forming foods, such as meat, poultry and eggs, so that the urine is acidic and drink a lot of water.
Cystine stones: pay attention to limit methionine and acidic food (animal food), eat more alkaline food (plant food) to make the urine alkaline and drink a lot of water.
Second, kidney disease patients
1, the diet should be light and easy to digest, avoid alcohol, spicy food and all hairy things such as: five spices, coffee, cilantro, etc.; eat less greasy and animal protein containing meat and fishy food (such as fatty meat, shrimp, crab, etc.).
2, renal insufficiency, uremia patients should pay special attention to.
① forbidden to eat beans and their products, less nuts (such as: walnuts, chestnuts, almonds, etc.) and pickled foods (such as pickles, sauces, etc.).
② The amount of high protein (such as lean meat, milk, eggs, etc.) consumed daily should be controlled. According to the condition of each person, the general adult daily about 2-3 taels, and divided into 3-5 times to eat.
③The kidney drainage capacity is limited during renal failure, and water intake needs to be controlled. It is recommended to calculate according to the formula: water intake = total urine volume of the previous day + 500-800 ml.
④ Smooth bowel movements, stools rather two or three times a day rather than once every two or three days. Winter melon, watermelon, gourd can diuretic, adzuki bean soup, black bean soup, mung bean soup, put sugar to drink, clear heat and diuretic. Honey, banana, raw pear, radish, walnut meat, black sesame, can laxative, these foods can be used with drugs, often. Do not stay up late, abstain from sex, pay attention to rest and avoid getting cold.
3. Those with heavy edema should avoid salt, limit the amount of protein food and drink less water. If the edema is not heavy, you can enter a low-sodium salt diet; if there is no edema, do not restrict the intake of water and protein food; if you have microscopic hematuria and are prone to fire, drink more water, eat more apples, white sugar, black sesame, fungus and other foods that nourish Yin and lower fire.
4, uremia high blood potassium people avoid eating high potassium food such as: bananas, citrus, potatoes, tomatoes, pumpkin, tea, soy sauce, MSG; low blood potassium patients on the contrary.
5. Avoid eating animal offal, fish, shrimp, crab and mussel, beer, mushrooms, beans and spinach especially if you have high blood uric acid.
6, during the treatment period, if there is a cold, fever, infection, etc., emergency contact with the doctor, so as to timely treatment, to avoid aggravation of complications.