Kidney cysts are a common condition. Smaller cysts or asymptomatic ones can usually be left untreated. Clinical follow-up and observation are sufficient. Larger cysts or those with symptoms require treatment. Before the advent of minimally invasive techniques, open renal cyst debulking was the gold standard for the treatment of renal cysts. However, the procedure is more invasive and the postoperative recovery is slow. Patients suffer more pain. The technique of percutaneous renal cyst puncture and drainage under local anesthesia with injection of sclerosing agent has a high success rate in the near future. However, the recurrence rate is high in the long term. The sclerosing agent has the potential to damage the collecting system and cause stenosis. Our department is now skilled in laparoscopic renal cyst debulking, which has obvious advantages: less trauma, and various types of cysts can be treated in one operation. Low recurrence rate. Quick recovery after surgery. It is the “gold standard” for the treatment of renal cystic diseases. Indications: simple cysts larger than 4 cm in diameter, causing compression of renal parenchyma and collecting system and affecting renal function; renal cysts combined with hypertension, hematuria and accompanied by fever and back pain; parapelvic cysts compressing renal pelvis and calyces or protruding outward causing pelvic ureteral obstruction; dominant cysts of polycystic kidney >3 cm in diameter, accompanied by back pain or abdominal pain. Contraindications: those with serious heart and lung diseases that cannot tolerate surgery; those with uncorrected systemic hemorrhagic diseases; those who suspect cyst malignancy or cysts connected with renal pelvis; those with polycystic kidney and severe renal dysfunction.