In recent years, the use of microsurgery to treat varicocele infertility has been widely used in Europe and the United States with good results. Microscopic spermatic vein ligation (MV) helps to reduce complications by separating and protecting the spermatic arteries and lymphatic vessels and identifying small veins for ligation with the aid of an operating microscope or magnification. Reports in the literature have shown that MV surgery has the lowest postoperative recurrence rate, testicular syringomyelia, spermatic artery injury and other complications, and superior results in improving semen parameters and sperm DNA integrity compared to conventional surgery. Although it requires some microscopic skills, it has the potential to become the “gold standard” in the treatment of varicocele. Our department started to use microscope for varicocele operation in July 2009, and we have been improving our surgical technique and summing up our experience since then. Hundreds of cases of this operation have been performed by myself, and we have been regularly visiting Peking University Men’s Center for further training in microscopic male surgical operation techniques, including microsurgical spermatic vein ligation. I. Significantly improve the sperm motility and conception rate: Since the spermatic vein is completely ligated, the internal environment of testicular spermatogenesis is obviously improved, thus increasing the sperm motility rate; II. Significantly reduce postoperative complications: With the help of high magnification microscope, the testicular artery and lymphatic vessels can be finely and effectively protected, which can reduce the occurrence of complications such as scrotal edema, testicular sphingomyelia and testicular atrophy; III. C. Superficial location of the spermatic cord under the external ring, easy to operate: less anatomical levels of surgical sutures, very low postoperative infection rate; D. Small incision, low location and concealment: postoperative can be covered by pubic hair, does not affect the aesthetics; E. Significantly reduce the postoperative recurrence rate: because and can identify small veins and ligate them, not easy to miss ligation. There are reports that the recurrence rate after microsurgical spermatic vein ligation is only 0-2%, while the non-microsurgical surgery is as high as 9%-16%; 6, simple anesthesia, low treatment cost, fast recovery: only need intravertebral anesthesia, small adverse reactions, fast postoperative recovery, short hospital stay; 7, can choose for recurrence after re-operation: for spermatic vein high ligation, laparoscopic surgery after recurrence of patients can have a second The operation may become the “gold standard” for the treatment of varicocele: the operation can be carried out only after the formal microsurgery training and examination and certification by Peking University Men’s Medical Center.