1, pain The most common symptom of primary osteoporosis, low back pain is common, accounting for 70% to 80% of patients with pain. The pain spreads along the crest to both sides, decreases when lying on the back or sitting, increases when posterior extension or prolonged standing or sitting, and increases when bending, coughing, and straining to stool. Bone pain generally occurs when there is a bone loss of 12% or more. In old age osteoporosis, compression and deformation of the vertebral body, anterior flexion of the crest, muscle fatigue and even spasm, produce pain. Compression fractures of the thoracolumbar spine can also produce acute pain, with strong pressure pain and percussion pain in the crestal spine of the corresponding area. If the corresponding crestal nerve is compressed, radiating pain in the extremities, sensory-motor disorders in both lower extremities, intercostal neuralgia, and retrosternal pain similar to angina pectoris can be produced. If the cremaster and cauda equina nerves are compressed, the bladder and rectal function will be affected. 2. Shortening of body length, hunchback Most of them appear after the pain. The anterior part of the crestal vertebrae is heavily loaded, especially the 11th and 12th thoracic vertebrae and the 3rd lumbar vertebrae, which are more heavily loaded and easily compressed and deformed, causing the crestal vertebrae to tilt forward and forming a hunchback, and with age, osteoporosis increases and the curvature of the hunchback increases. 3, fracture is the most common and serious complication of degenerative osteoporosis. 4.Decreased whistling function Compression fractures of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, backward curvature of the crestal vertebrae, and thoracic deformity can significantly reduce lung capacity and maximum air exchange, and patients often suffer from chest tightness, shortness of breath, and difficulty in whistling.