Pneumothorax puncture first requires full communication with the patient and family, signing to clarify the risk of puncture, and then the patient is instructed to assume a flat position and receive oxygen. The location of the puncture site is selected according to the film, and the sixth or seventh intercostal axillary midline is routinely chosen as the puncture site, and local anesthesia is administered with lidocaine injection as the anesthetic. After the anesthetic effect is satisfactory, an incision of about 1 cm is made at the puncture site with a scalpel, and the skin, subcutaneous fat and muscle fascia are cut, and then the subcutaneous tissue, muscle and pleura are bluntly separated with a vascular clamp. After entering the chest cavity, the pleura is dilated, and a chest drainage tube is placed and fixed with sutures.