Let’s not talk about the price of manual shunts. Although a good shunt costs $50,000-$60,000. Doctors must treat the disease with different treatments depending on the cause of the disease. Just like you can’t just use antimicrobials for a cold! A casual search on the internet will show you those who specialize in “minimally invasive” ventriculoperitoneal shunts for pediatric hydrocephalus. This is a simple procedure, but it is also the most problematic neurosurgical procedure. In today’s highly advanced neurosurgical techniques, pediatric hydrocephalus should be more individualized and physiologically appropriate to reduce complications and sequelae. Moreover, pediatric hydrocephalus is much more problematic than adults after shunting using artificial shunts. For example, as the body grows, the shunt tube is not long enough; the shunt tube is worn and broken; the shunt tube is infected; the skin is broken; the shunt tube is blocked; the shunt tube is insufficient or over shunted. Moreover, shunting is the use of an artificial tube to reroute the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid, not to restore the physiological circulation of cerebrospinal fluid. More importantly, the etiology of pediatric hydrocephalus is often due to obstructive hydrocephalus caused by congenital malformations, brain tumors, cerebral hemorrhage, and intracranial infections. The site of obstruction is different and the treatment can be completely different. With today’s advances in neuroendoscopy, treatment can be completely minimally invasive to restore physiologic access to the cerebrospinal fluid, thus leaving no shunt after-effects. For example, in the case of lateral ventricular hydrocephalus caused by a closed interventricular foramen, only the paper-thin transparent septum or interventricular foramen needs to be opened endoscopically; in the case of bilateral lateral ventricular hydrocephalus, the interventricular foramen can be opened; in the case of supratentorial hydrocephalus caused by a conduit obstruction or in the case of total ventricular hydrocephalus caused by an obstruction of the lateral foramen of the middle foramen of the four ventricles, only the transparent base of the three ventricles needs to be opened endoscopically to restore the normal physiological circulation of cerebrospinal fluid.