Many of you know about Alzheimer’s disease, a catastrophic disease that seriously affects the elderly. Some patients are able to seek medical attention, but due to the lack of specific treatment drugs and poor prognosis, more patients never even visit the hospital, casting a shadow over the lives of the entire family. But did you know that many of these so-called “Alzheimer’s” patients simply suffer from normal pressure hydrocephalus? There are natural cavities in the human brain where a clear, bright fluid called hydrocephalus flows. Cerebrospinal fluid is in a dynamic balance – the body is constantly producing and absorbing it – and when this balance is disrupted and cerebrospinal fluid builds up in the brain, we call it hydrocephalus. Isobaric hydrocephalus occurs in the elderly and is characterized by memory loss, unresponsiveness to simple activities of daily living, urinary incontinence, and unsteadiness in walking; it is often mistaken for dementia by family members and left untreated. In fact, after a clear diagnosis and further evaluation, a simple surgical procedure can give them a new lease of life. A retired university professor was once found by his family to have memory loss, inability to perform simple calculations, and even urinating on his clothes and pants, losing his sense of decorum and needing assistance to walk. After being evaluated in the Department of Neurosurgery, a ventriculoperitoneal shunt was performed by a specialist. After the operation, the old man resumed his academic work and his family regained a harmonious and happy life. The three main symptoms of isobaric hydrocephalus are: human awareness, urination and walking disorders. When your family member has symptoms, please take him/her to the hospital to prevent isobaric hydrocephalus from jeopardizing the elderly’s life and your family’s happiness in their old age!