When pneumothorax occurs, patients should pay attention to rest, avoid too much bed activity, give appropriate oxygen therapy, pay attention to keep the bowel movement smooth, avoid violent coughing or forceful defecation, which will aggravate the pneumothorax. During the treatment of pneumothorax, patients should pay attention to chest tightness, shortness of breath and chest pain, and observe patients’ vital signs. For patients with a large number of pneumothorax, they need to perform closed chest drainage and suction treatment, at which time they also need to pay attention to their lung reopening, as well as the overflow of air bubbles in the chest drainage bottle and the fluctuation of the water column of the drainage tube. Patients with pneumothorax are strictly prohibited from strenuous exercise and heavy lifting to avoid aggravation of the pneumothorax, and even after the pneumothorax has healed, strenuous exercise should be prohibited in the near future. For pneumothorax less than 20%, even if the symptoms are not obvious, it is strictly forbidden not to treat the pneumothorax to avoid aggravating the degree of pneumothorax.