Vaginal bleeding is not necessarily cervical cancer. There are many clinical causes of vaginal bleeding, which should be determined by the timing of the bleeding. If the bleeding is on time every month, it could be menstruation. If it bleeds in between periods, it may be ovulatory bleeding. If the bleeding is irregular, you should consider the presence of endometrial lesions and endocrine disorders. If bleeding occurs after each intercourse, cervical lesions or cervical cancer should be highly suspected. If the bleeding is postmenopausal, endometriosis or cervical lesions should be considered. Therefore, it is recommended that women who have sexual intercourse should have annual cervical cancer screening, i.e. cervical cytology and HPV screening, to help detect cervical cancer or precancerous lesions at an early stage.