With the accelerated pace of life in modern society, the presence of a large number of bad habits and dietary habits has led to an increasing number of people suffering from urinary tract stones, and the age of onset is getting younger. We call stones that occur in the urinary system (including kidney, ureter, bladder and urethra) collectively as urinary tract stones. So how can we prevent and reduce the occurrence of urinary stones in our daily life. Here are a few suggestions that deserve your attention. Prevention of urinary tract stones should start with changing lifestyle habits and adjusting the structure of your diet. Maintaining a proper weight, moderate exercise, maintaining nutritional balance and increasing the intake of citric acid-rich fruits are important measures to prevent the occurrence of stones. Medication should be considered only when changing lifestyle habits and adjusting diet structure are ineffective. First, weight control is needed. Studies have shown that being overweight is one of the crucial factors in the formation of urinary stones. For people with urinary stones, we recommend that their body mass index (BMI) should be maintained between 19 and 23. (Body mass index: is a number derived by dividing the weight in kilograms by the square of the height in meters. It is a standard commonly used internationally to measure how fat or thin the human body is and whether it is healthy. When the BMI is 18.5 to 23.9 is normal.) Second, to increase the intake of fluids. Increasing fluid intake can increase the amount of urine, thus reducing the supersaturation of urine stone components and preventing the occurrence of stones. The recommended daily fluid intake is more than 2500 to 3000 ml, so that the daily urine volume is maintained at more than 2000 to 2500 ml. Regarding the type of water to drink, it is generally considered appropriate to have non-dairy fluids with low oxalic acid content. Excessive consumption of coffee, black tea, grape juice, apple juice and cola should be avoided. It is recommended to drink more orange juice, sour fruit vine juice and lemon water. Third, the need for dietary regulation. Maintain a comprehensive balance of dietary nutrition and avoid excessive intake of one of the nutrients. 1, a reasonable intake of calcium in the diet: dietary calcium content below 800mg/day will cause a negative calcium balance in the body. Although a low calcium diet can reduce urinary calcium excretion, it may lead to osteoporosis and increase urinary oxalic acid excretion. A diet with a normal calcium content and limited intake of animal protein and sodium has a better effect on stone prevention than a conventional low-calcium diet. Foods such as dairy products (milk, cheese, yogurt, etc.), tofu and small fish are recommended. The daily intake of calcium for adults should be 800~1000mg. 2. Limit the intake of oxalic acid in the diet: The excretion of oxalic acid in the urine will increase significantly after consuming large amounts of oxalic acid-rich foods. People with calcium oxalate stones, especially those with hyperoxaluria, should avoid foods rich in oxalic acid such as kale, almonds, peanuts, beets, parsley, spinach, rhubarb, black tea and cocoa powder. The oxalic acid content in spinach is the highest, more should limit intake. 3, limit the intake of sodium: high sodium diet will increase the excretion of urinary calcium, leading to the occurrence of urinary tract stones. It is recommended that the daily intake of sodium should be less than 6g. 4. Limit the excessive intake of protein: It is recommended to consume a nutritionally balanced diet. It is very important to maintain a balanced nutrition of 3 meals in the morning, midday and evening. Avoid excessive intake of animal protein, the daily intake of animal protein should be limited to 200g. 5. Increase the intake of fruits and vegetables: The intake of fruits and vegetables can dilute the risk factors of stone formation in urine. Therefore, increasing the intake of fruits and vegetables can prevent the recurrence of stones. 6, increase the intake of coarse grains and fiber: rice bran can reduce the excretion of urinary calcium and reduce the occurrence of urinary stones, but avoid the large intake of oxalic acid-rich fiber foods such as wheat bran. 7, reduce the intake of vitamin C: vitamin C can generate oxalic acid after natural transformation. The excretion of urinary oxalic acid increases significantly after taking vitamin C, and the risk of forming calcium oxalate crystals increases accordingly. Therefore, it is recommended that the daily intake of vitamin C should not exceed 2g. 8. Limit high purine diet: The recommended daily intake of purine in food is less than 500mg. purine-rich foods include: animal offal (liver and kidney), poultry skin, herring with skin, sardines and anchovies. 9, the reasonable choice of herbs: currently believed to have a certain preventive effect on urinary tract stones of herbs including Zelenia, fat sea, money grass, corn husk and plantain core. Fourth, the amount of exercise to prevent the occurrence of urinary tract stones also has an important role. Because when the body is sitting for a long time, urine tends to accumulate in the kidneys or ureter leading to the occurrence of stones. Therefore, it is recommended that you should get up and move around for 10-15 minutes every hour or so. The usual physical exercise is recommended to medium and low intensity aerobic exercise. Prolonged, high-intensity exercise causes a lot of sweating, which in turn causes a decrease in urine volume and concentration of urine, leading to the occurrence of stones. Therefore, it is necessary to replenish water in time after a lot of sweating in order to dilute urine and maintain normal urine volume.