Etiology Ankle sprains are the most frequent sports injury, accounting for approximately 40% of all sports injuries. The ankle joint consists of the distal tibiofibula and the talus. The ankle cavity is formed by the inner and outer ankle and the posterior edge of the tibia, and the saddle joint surface above the talus is located in the ankle cavity. The saddle joint surface of the talus is wide in front and narrow in the back, and the wider part enters the ankle point in dorsal extension and the narrower part enters the ankle point in plantar flexion. The ankle joint is more prone to inversion sprains because of the long ankle pits of the outer ankle fibula and the shallow ankle pits of the short inner ankle tibia, and injuries to the outer ankle ligaments including the anterior talofibular ligament and the heel fibular ligament are more common. Although ankle valgus sprains are not easy to occur, once they occur they are serious. If ruptured, it usually causes ankle instability and is often combined with other ligament injuries and fractures. Clinical manifestations of ankle sprains include pain and swelling at the site of the sprain immediately after the injury, followed by skin bruising. In severe cases, the foot is immobile due to pain and swelling. In external ankle sprains, the pain is exacerbated when the patient tries to perform an inversion of the foot. In the case of medial deltoid ligament injury, the patient’s pain worsens when attempting to perform an external rotation of the foot. The pain and swelling may disappear with rest, and there will be ankle instability due to ligament laxity and repeated sprains. Treatment The ankle sprain should be seen in the hospital emergency room immediately after the occurrence of the sprain. Before the visit, if possible, the patient can be treated according to the RICE principles, which include REST rest, which is more recently understood as the elimination of weight bearing, ICE ice, COMPRESS compression bandage, and ELEVATION elevation of the affected limb. The doctor will assess the injury and decide on the treatment plan after consultation. Conservative treatment is usually based on the use of a cast or brace to immobilize the ankle in a mildly valgus neutral position. The duration of immobilization is 3 to 6 weeks. Avoid weight bearing as much as possible during the immobilization period. Immediately after removal of the cast or brace, appropriate rehabilitation should be performed to prevent muscle atrophy and possible joint adhesions. The cast can be removed for weight-bearing walking. After rehabilitation, muscle strength can be restored and sports activities can be performed after three months. For patients with more severe external ankle ligament injuries, ankle instability and capsular tears, surgery is recommended to repair the ligaments to prevent repeated sprains due to ankle instability. After surgery, a cast should be fixed for three to six weeks, and the cast should be removed so that the patient can walk with weight. Sports activities can usually be resumed three to six months after surgery. Patients with a history of valgus sprain with pain and swelling at the inner ankle should be highly suspicious of other combined injuries. Simple internal ankle ligament injury can be fixed in a cast or brace in a mild inversion neutral position for 3 to 6 weeks. Immediately after removal of the cast, rehabilitation training should be carried out to prevent muscle atrophy and joint adhesions. Sports activities can be resumed in about three months. More serious internal ankle ligament injuries are usually accompanied by fractures or other ligament injuries, and such cases need to be treated surgically. Rehabilitation training after sprain: 1.Writing exercises with injured toes Sit on a stool, make the injured foot hanging in the air, then use the toes of the injured foot to practice writing capital letters or writing 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, etc. until 26 complete 26 letters of the alphabet or 26 ala numbers, each group do 3 times, twice a day. 2, heel lifting exercises, can restore the strength of the joints (1) two feet flat on the floor, both arms naturally down, slowly de lift the heel, standing on the toes. Do this 10 to 20 times per group, twice a day. (2) stand on a step, heel hanging, two hands on the hip or straight ahead, heel to the drop, in slowly lift the heel, stand with the toes, and then the heel slowly drop, each group do 10 times to 20 times, do two times a day. 3, with the practice of tension rope, you can practice both strength and flexibility. Sitting posture, first fixed one end of the rubber tube, the other end is tied to the injured foot, with the foot outward pulling tension rope, and then relaxed inward, and then pulled forward, and then relaxed, repeated practice, each group to do 10 times to 15 times, do two times a day.