First of all, we should pay attention to the correct selection of uric acid-lowering drugs according to the mechanism of hyperuricemia and the kidney function status. The causes of increased blood uric acid are divided into three major categories: excessive production type, excretion reduction type and mixed type. For patients with hyperuricemia with reduced excretion, drugs that promote the excretion of uric acid from the kidneys (such as benzbromarone) should be used. Uric acid-lowering drugs such as allopurinol and benzbromarone (or their degradation products) are excreted from the kidneys, therefore, their efficacy and adverse effects are also closely related to good or bad kidney function. For those with normal renal function or mild impairment but glomerular filtration rate greater than 30 ml/min, if uric acid excretion in 24-hour urine is less than 600 mg, uric acid excreting drugs such as benzbromarone can be used. Synthesis-inhibiting uric acid-lowering drugs can be used in various conditions. Synthesis-inhibiting uric acid-lowering drugs (allopurinol) should be chosen in people with moderate or severe impairment of renal function, or with significantly elevated uric acid excretion in 24-hour urine, or with significantly elevated blood uric acid concentrations, or with large deposits of gout stones, or with renal calculi. All uric acid-lowering drugs can induce acute gouty arthritis attacks by causing uric acid in the tissues to enter the blood circulation, so they should not be used during acute attacks of gouty arthritis. It should be considered only when the joint symptoms have subsided after the gout attack, and should be started at a smaller dose and gradually increased within 1 to 2 weeks. To prevent kidney damage and kidney stones caused by uric acid blockage of renal tubules, it should be used during the daytime, in addition to starting with a small dose, and pay attention to drinking more water so that the daily urine volume reaches more than 2000 ml. Those with glomerular filtration rate less than 30 ml/min or those with kidney stones should not use drugs that promote uric acid excretion (e.g., benzbromarone). Allergy to allopurinol may cause life-threatening complications such as exfoliative dermatitis and severe liver damage, so be sure to pay close attention to any discomfort or rash while taking the drug, and discontinue the drug and seek medical attention as soon as a drug reaction is suspected.