What are the adverse effects of glucocorticoids?

  Long-term application of glucocorticoids in supraphysiological doses can cause many adverse reactions, which are listed as follows: 1. Disorders of water, salt, sugar, protein and fat metabolism: manifested as centripetal obesity (Cushing’s syndrome), commonly known as full-moon face, buffalo back, acne, hirsutism, high blood sodium and low blood potassium, hypertension, swelling, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia or aggravation of diabetes, hyperalgesia, even atrophy, amenorrhea, muscle wasting, weakness, osteoporosis, femoral necrosis and psychiatric symptoms. Muscle wasting, weakness, osteoporosis, femoral necrosis and mental symptoms, etc.  2, weaken the body’s resistance: not conducive to defense against the growth and reproduction of bacteria and other microorganisms, so that the spread, thus inducing or aggravating the infection.  3.Hinder tissue repair and delay tissue healing: Promote secretion of gastric acid and pepsin, reduce gastric juice secretion, lower gastrointestinal mucosal resistance, induce or aggravate gastric or duodenal ulcer, and even cause perforation or bleeding. The clinical symptoms are often insidious and are not detected until bleeding or perforation occurs. Therefore, it is advisable to take glucocorticoids after meals to reduce their stimulation of the gastrointestinal tract or to combine them with drugs to protect the gastric mucosa. If the patient has severe abdominal pain, vomiting blood or black stool or blood in the stool, he should consult a doctor promptly, and the amount of glucocorticoids should be reduced as appropriate in the presence of peptic ulcers.  4.Promote protein decomposition: Delay the formation of granulation tissue and hinder the healing of surgical wounds, trauma and other ulcers. In addition, it can also cause an increase in white blood cells.