Hyperaldosteronism

  Hyperaldosteronism is due to inadequate secretion of three steroid hormones (glucocorticoids, salt corticoids and androgens) from the adrenal glands. Primary damage destroying the adrenal glands is most common (e.g. autoimmune diseases, hemorrhagic infarction during sepsis, tuberculosis infection, metastases, etc.), but can also be secondary to pituitary or hypothalamic insufficiency.  Clinical manifestations] Acute hyperaldosteronism is often life-threatening. Symptoms include weakness, nausea, severe vomiting, abdominal pain, and hypovolemic shock. It may progress to delirium, xerosis or coma. Chronic hyperalgesia has an insidious onset and symptoms may resemble depression. Typical patients may present with easy fatigue, muscle cramps, fatigue, weight loss, decreased appetite, emotional indifference, irritability, and depressed mood. Delirium and seizures can occur in severe cases and can lead to death if not treated promptly. Primary hyperaldosteronism may present with hyperkalemia due to reduced aldosterone. Hyperpigmentation of the skin due to excess ACTH metabolism to alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone.  Treatment】 Alternative therapies can provide rapid relief of somatic and psychiatric symptoms. For primary hyperaldosteronism, treatment with both prednisone and salt corticosteroid preparations should be given.