I. Primary prevention of gout.
It is prevention against risk factors that predispose to gout. The targets of prevention are immediate family members with family history of gout, people with low physical activity, alcoholism, over-nutrition and obesity, and patients with hyperuricemia whose blood uric acid is found to be high in physical examination.
1. Do not overeat, avoid overnutrition and obesity, and maintain the ideal weight.
2.Stay away from smoking, alcoholism and other bad habits.
3. Combine work and rest, alternate mental and physical activities, and be persistent.
4.Reasonable arrangement of life. Life should be regular and moderate, while cultivating optimism, often participate in recreational and sports activities.
5.Regular physical examination. Physical examination is very important for the prevention of gout, especially for people over 40 years old or obese men, they should have a physical examination every 1~2 years. Including blood uric acid measurement, in order to early detection of patients with hyperuricemia, to prevent the development of gout.
Secondly, secondary prevention of gout.
It refers to the early diagnosis of patients who have developed gout and timely comprehensive and systematic treatment to prevent its aggravation and the occurrence of complications.
1, prohibit the consumption of seafood, meat, especially animal offal and other high purine food.
2, abstain from alcohol.
3.Adequate intake of water. Mineral water or ordinary tap water with pH value of 7 should be used. Drinking more water can increase the dissolution of uric acid and the excretion of uric acid.
4, appropriate physical exercise, still with diet control, more water and alkalinization of urine and other measures can effectively prevent the formation of gouty kidney stones and subcutaneous gout stones.
Third, the tertiary prevention of gout.
It is mainly to prevent the occurrence and development of gout complications in order to improve the quality of life of gout patients.
Gouty nephropathy is a common complication of gout and the most common cause of death from gout. Increased uric acid is the basis of gouty nephropathy, and controlling blood uric acid is a prerequisite for preventing uric acid nephropathy.
1, take drugs to reduce uric acid: this drug is divided into two categories, one is to promote the excretion of uric acid drugs, such as benzbromarone. The other is a drug that inhibits the production of uric acid, such as allopurinol, but the drug has a variety of side effects, during the drug must be regularly checked liver function, blood routine, if found abnormalities should immediately stop the drug.
2.Control blood pressure.
3.Treat urinary tract infections to achieve early treatment.
4.Adjust the diet structure. Patients with gouty nephropathy should adhere to a low-salt diet to reduce hypertension and swelling, such as renal impairment, protein intake should be controlled at about 0.5-0.8 grams per kilogram of body weight per day. Also use high quality protein with high bioefficiency, such as eggs and milk.