Pre-renal and renal diseases have different etiologies and can be differentiated etiologically.
1. Pre-renal renal injury: also known as pre-renal azotemia, refers to ischemic renal injury with reduced glomerular filtration rate due to insufficient renal blood flow perfusion caused by various reasons. Initially, the renal parenchyma tissue structure is intact. Common causes of prerenal azotemia include:
(1) Hypovolemia, mainly due to bleeding, fluid loss, or redistribution of extracellular fluid from various causes.
(2) Decreased cardiac output, such as congestive heart failure; peripheral vasodilatation, such as the use of antihypertensive drugs, sepsis, and anaphylaxis.
(3) Renal vasoconstriction and impaired renal self-regulation, such as the use of norepinephrine, angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibiting drugs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
2. Nephrogenic kidney injury: it is renal parenchymal injury caused by renal tubular, renal interstitial, renal vascular and glomerular diseases. Renal tubular epithelial cell injury caused by renal ischemia or nephrotoxic substances (such as acute tubular necrosis) is the most common.
If any physical discomfort or kidney disease occurs, it is recommended to go to the hospital in time, complete the relevant examinations under the guidance of the doctor, clarify the cause of the disease and actively treat it to avoid the development of the disease.