Patients with gallbladder stones that cause stones to block the bile duct can lead to enlargement of the gallbladder, fluid accumulation around the gallbladder, and induce acute suppurative cholangitis, which can seriously endanger patients’ lives. So when can gallbladder puncture and drainage be done and what are the risks of gallbladder puncture and drainage? Once a patient with gallbladder stones develops a common bile duct stone and blockage can induce life-threatening acute septic cholangitis. At this time, the condition is often dangerous, and the patient often shows signs of infectious shock, which makes the patient poorly tolerant of surgery and makes the surgery risky. Therefore, gallbladder puncture and drainage can temporarily relieve bile duct obstruction with minimal trauma, which is mostly tolerated by patients. Cholecystocentesis is a percutaneous peritoneal gallbladder puncture to drain the bile that has accumulated in the gallbladder, thereby reducing the symptoms of biliary tract infection. Combined with supportive treatment such as aggressive fluid replacement and anti-infection, biliary tract infection can be temporarily controlled. Although gallbladder puncture and drainage can temporarily reduce the patient’s infection symptoms, it also has the risk of causing bile leakage, bleeding at the puncture site, infection, etc. Most importantly, the bile duct stones are not lifted and there is a possibility of re-infection at any time, so we should actively give anti-infection and rehydration while improving the relevant preoperative preparation, and then perform surgical stone extraction treatment after the patient’s condition is stabilized. The patient’s condition.