Chemotherapy is an option for both acute and chronic leukemia. Chemotherapy is unique in its ability to eradicate distant metastases or prevent recurrence of a certain type of cancer and is an indispensable component of cancer treatment methods. Chemotherapy is increasingly used in oncology treatment. It has been proved that at least 10 types of tumors have the possibility of obtaining cure with chemotherapy alone, such as choriocapillary epithelial carcinoma, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, testicular seminoma, some malignant lymphomas, etc.; about more than 20 types of tumors can get remission with chemotherapy alone, especially for some systemic tumors such as leukemia and multiple myeloma, which have metastasized and spread, chemotherapy can be the preferred treatment. Among all cancer patients, more than half of them need chemotherapy at different stages of the disease process; chemotherapy, together with other treatments, greatly improves the therapeutic effect of malignant tumors and effectively controls the spread and metastasis of cancer.
Chemotherapy is the most advanced treatment method in tumor treatment in recent years. However, chemotherapy drugs are often “unclear” and “indistinguishable”, killing tumor cells and normal cells in human body at the same time. Therefore, chemotherapy may have the following toxic effects and adverse reactions: 1. When intravenous chemotherapy drugs are injected, inadvertent leakage of the drug may cause local tissue necrosis and embolic phlebitis. Therefore, health care workers must be very careful and carefully prevented; 2, inhibit the bone marrow hematopoietic system, mainly the decline of white blood cells and platelets. Before each chemotherapy, blood tests should be done, if the number of white blood cells is lower than (2.5-3) × 109/ liter, platelets (50-80) × 109/ liter, chemotherapy should be temporarily stopped!
3.It can damage liver cells to varying degrees, with increased glutathione transaminase, rising bilirubin, hepatomegaly, pain in the liver area, jaundice, etc., which can cause cirrhosis and impaired coagulation mechanism in serious cases, so liver function should be checked before and during drug administration to detect problems in time, solve them in time and stop chemotherapy if necessary; 4.Some chemotherapy drugs have toxic effects on the cardiovascular system, and serious heart failure. Therefore, the electrocardiogram should be checked before and during the use of drugs, and abnormalities should be immediately discontinued and treated in a timely manner. For patients with heart disease, chemotherapy drugs with toxic effects on the heart should be avoided.
5, toxic effects on the respiratory system and adverse reactions of chemotherapy drugs can cause acute chemical pneumonia and chronic pulmonary fibrosis, and even respiratory failure. Therefore, with pulmonary toxic drugs (i.e. chemotherapeutic drugs toxic to the respiratory system), such as scramblomycin, etc., the lungs should be checked regularly during the use of the drug, and attention should also be paid to follow-up after discontinuation. If pulmonary toxic reactions are found, chemotherapy should be stopped immediately and treated with hormones; 6. Toxic effects and adverse reactions of the urinary system include proteinuria, oliguria or anuria, and in some cases, hematuria. In order to have a clear understanding of kidney function, it is necessary to check regularly before and during the use of drugs to detect problems and provide timely treatment.
7. Certain drugs can affect fertility and lead to malformations. During chemotherapy, male patients should be sterilized, female patients should discontinue or avoid chemotherapy if there is a pregnancy, fertility can generally be restored after discontinuation of the drug; 8, hair loss and skin reactions do not occur in all patients, and even if they occur, there is no need to worry too much, because generally after discontinuation of the patient, the hair will grow back, skin erythema, rash and pigmentation will also improve or disappear; 9, in the systemic reactions of chemotherapy 9, among the systemic reactions of chemotherapy, the toxic effects and adverse reactions of the digestive system are the most troublesome for patients, such as nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, diarrhea, as well as oral mucosal ulcers and pharyngitis.