After atresia surgery, hearing can be improved if the surgery is following the indications; if the patient has other diseases or complications, there may be no change in hearing after surgery or even cause hearing damage. Congenital atresia, clinically, can be through the external auditory canal middle ear reconstruction surgery, can achieve the purpose of improving hearing. However, if the patient suffers from inner ear or inner ear canal, auditory nerve malformation or incomplete pneumatization of the tympanic chamber and mastoid process, there may be no hope of improving hearing after surgery. If there are complications with the surgery, such as accidental disturbance or damage to the inner ear due to intraoperative vestibular window opening, hemianopic canal opening, or reconstruction of the auditory ossicles, the patient may suffer from sensorineural deafness, which may result in hearing loss. Atresia surgery is currently the main treatment for congenital atresia. Patients are advised to visit the hospital and decide whether they want to undergo the surgery after consulting with the doctor.