Ventriculoperitoneal shunt studies have found that hydrocephalus can cause mental retardation, mobility problems, and urinary and bowel disorders, which can seriously affect patients’ daily life and mobility. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt is a common technique for treating hydrocephalus. The principle of the procedure is to insert a drainage tube at the ventricular end into the ventricle through a hole in the skull, attach a shunt valve (to control the rate of cerebrospinal fluid flow), and then connect the drainage tube at the abdominal (thoracic) end, which is placed into the abdominal (thoracic) cavity through a subcutaneous tunnel. For hydrocephalus treatment, most experts still recognize this technique, however, many patients and their families are also worried about the sequelae after hydrocephalus bypass surgery. Sequelae of hydrocephalus shunt surgery Clinical practice has shown that hydrocephalus shunt surgery may lead to some sequelae. Infection of the shunt is a common and serious sequelae of ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery, because once infection occurs, microorganisms can easily lurk in the gap of the shunt and antibiotics cannot easily reach it, which can easily lead to aggravation of the infection and eventually force the shunt to be removed. Shunt blockage, puncture injury, and skin breakdown at the shunt route are also some of the sequelae that can easily occur after shunt surgery. When many patients see so many problems after hydrocephalus shunt surgery, they become very afraid and lose confidence in the treatment. Today, with modern medicine being so advanced, there are enough clinical capabilities to avoid complications after hydrocephalus shunt. At present, there is a set of advanced characteristic treatment technology that can effectively treat all kinds of hydrocephalus and also well avoid post-operative blockage and infection, which undoubtedly lights the fire of hope for the majority of hydrocephalus patients.