Many patients find out “azoospermia” during physical examination or marriage examination, they feel at a loss as to what to do, their body is fine, usually there is no problem, how can it be azoospermia? Some patients feel that the sky has collapsed, lost confidence in life, and even marital discord and divorce occur from time to time, so how should we face azoospermia? How is male sperm produced? Male sperm is produced by the two male testes, after the testes produce sperm, it has to go through the epididymis to mature, and then there is a vas deferens to transport, and finally and the seminal vesicle common opening in the prostate part of the place called the ejaculatory ducts, the composition of semen is mainly spermatozoa and seminal plasma two parts of the composition, seminal plasma is mainly the composition of seminal vesicle fluid, prostate fluids, etc., which is just like the relationship between the fish in the pond and the water, the fish is the equivalent of sperm, and the water is equivalent to seminal plasma, therefore, many of the spermatozoa are produced by the two testes. This is like the relationship between fish and water in a pond. Fish is equivalent to sperm and water is equivalent to seminal plasma. Therefore, it is wrong for many patients to think that there must be sperm in it because semen is ejaculated every time I ejaculate. Secondly, it is easy to understand that there are two possibilities for patients who are found to have azoospermia on examination. The first situation is that the testes are dysfunctional in spermatogenesis, which means that the testes do not produce sperm anymore, or most of the seminiferous tubules do not produce sperm, and it is what we clinically refer to as non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA). The second condition is that the testes produce sperm normally, but the sperm produced is blocked on its way to the outside, and the sperm can’t come out, which is our clinical condition of obstructive azoospermia (OA). How to treat azoospermia? For obstructive azoospermia, it can be reversed by surgical procedures, during which the sperm can also be removed and frozen in case the surgery fails, and the frozen sperm can also be used for IVF; for non-obstructive azoospermia, it can be treated by microscopic sperm retrieval, which tries to locate the sperm under the microscope, and if the sperm can be found, it is also possible to do IVF, and about 40-50% of the About 40-50% of non-obstructive azoospermia patients can get sperm through microscopic sperm retrieval to get their genetic offspring through IVF, while some of the patients who can’t get sperm through the procedure can get their offspring through artificial insemination (AID) using sperm from a sperm bank. What should I do if I learn that I have azoospermia? Don’t blame others, and don’t give up on yourself. Go to a regular hospital and see a professional doctor for a systematic examination and evaluation to determine the type of azoospermia, whether it is OA or NOA, and then determine the next step of the treatment plan.