Hypospadias is a common congenital malformation of the male lower urinary tract and external genitalia, in which the urethral orifice appears on the proximal side of the normal urethral orifice to the perineal pathway, and most cases are associated with penile hypospadias. The incidence is reported to be about 3.2/1000 in foreign countries and 3/1000 in domestic data, and there is an increasing trend in recent years, especially in severe hypospadias, which may be related to the increase of environmental estrogen-like substances such as widespread use of pesticides and plasticizers. Clinical manifestations:Typical hypospadias has three characteristics ① ectopic urethral orifice ② downward curvature of the penis ③ abnormal distribution of the foreskin. Typology:There are four types according to the location of the urethral orifice. Ⅰ° urethral orifice is located at the head of penis and coronal groove, accounting for about 50%. Ⅱ° urethral orifice is located in the penile body, accounting for about 20%. The Ⅲ° urethral orifice is located at the junction of the penile scrotum, and the Ⅳ° urethral orifice is located at the perineum. The latter two types belong to severe hypospadias. Concomitant malformations:inguinal hernia, incomplete testicular descent. Each accounts for 9%. The more severe the case, the higher the rate of concomitant malformations. Treatment:Completed in preschool children, generally considered to be more appropriate at the age of 1.5 to 3 years, depending mainly on penile development. Cure criteria:penis downward curvature completely corrected; urethral opening is located in the head of the penis orthodontically; penis appearance is satisfactory, foreskin distribution is uniform without superfluous skin; standing urination and columnar shape as normal people, adult can carry out normal sexual life. Abnormal position of urethral opening, penile downward curvature