Varicocele is divided into primary and secondary. Primary varicocele is a common disease in young adults, which refers to the dilatation, tortuosity and elongation of the vascular plexus of the spermatic tracheal vein due to the stagnation of venous blood flow in the spermatic cord, resulting in poor blood return to the testes and accumulation of metabolites, thus affecting testicular nutrient metabolism. Its prevalence is 10-15% and accounts for 15-20% of male infertility. Primary varicocele mostly occurs on the left side, but it also occurs bilaterally in about 20% of patients. Varicocele, which can lead to testicular atrophy and impaired sperm production on that side, leads to male infertility. Secondary varicocele is rare and occurs mostly in middle-aged and elderly people, mostly due to renal tumors or other retroperitoneal tumors, and is caused by obstruction of blood flow due to compression of the veins, mostly as a bilateral lesion. When the patient stands, the scrotum on the affected side is obviously sagging, sometimes curved veins are visible on the skin surface, and the veins in the scrotum are coiled into clusters. If the appearance is normal and the varicose veins can be palpated in the spermatic cord above the testicles during the examination, it is moderate, if the tortuous veins can be palpated only after the patient increases the abdominal pressure, it is mild. If the mass disappears soon after the patient lies down, it is primary, but if it does not disappear after lying down, it should be considered secondary and needs to be examined accordingly. Due to the elevated local temperature, hypoxia, pH change and retention of toxic substances caused by varicocele, the sperm count decreases, the sperm motility decreases and the percentage of malformed sperm increases, thus reducing male fertility and leading to male infertility. However, not all patients with varicocele will be infertile. Some patients with varicocele will have a feeling of swelling and hidden pain in the scrotum and other parts of the scrotum, mainly manifested as a feeling of swelling in the affected testicles, wet and cold, swelling and hidden pain in the scrotum, and the uncomfortable feeling will often radiate to the ipsilateral perineum, groin and waist, and the symptoms will worsen after exertion, prolonged walking, strenuous exercise and sexual activity, and can be relieved after lying down and resting. A few people also have signs of neurasthenia such as emotional instability, insomnia and dreaminess, mental depression and fatigue, and individuals may even experience sexual dysfunction such as decreased libido, decreased sexual pleasure, painful intercourse, erectile dysfunction and premature ejaculation, which are thought to be related to excessive attention or overstimulation. The diagnosis is relatively simple and clear, and an experienced urologist can make a clear diagnosis after physical examination. Ultrasound of the scrotal area can accurately measure the width of the intraventricular spermatic cord, which is not a good diagnostic method. Treatment: 1. For those who are asymptomatic or have mild symptoms, they can use only scrotal brace or wear tight underwear to hold up the scrotum, which can reduce the symptoms. 2, pay attention to rest, try to avoid prolonged walking, standing and actions that increase abdominal pressure. 3. For those with more severe symptoms or low sperm motility, high level ligation of the internal spermatic vein or laparoscopic spermatic vein ligation is feasible. In other words, all branches of the internal spermatic vein are ligated at the inner ring. After the ligation of the internal spermatic vein, the venous blood returning from the testes and parametrium can be returned to the inferior vena cava along the external spermatic vein, or to the femoral vein through the subcutaneous venous branches below the external ring. 4.Laparoscopic high ligation of spermatic vein and microsurgery are now used, which have better effect and lower recurrence rate. 5.Prevent excessive force at work and doing household activities, do not hold heavy objects, and should not do strenuous exercise to avoid increasing abdominal pressure.