After surgery, there will be patients’ families asking how to take care of the tracheotomy, and some patients will have sputum and irritating choking cough, which makes people worry and wonder if it is normal. So today, let’s focus on the care of postoperative tracheotomy. We know that tracheotomy is an adjunctive ventilation measure that rapidly improves pulmonary ventilation and is commonly used in maxillofacial surgery, and it is common for patients to have a tracheotomy in our department. Since tracheotomy can damage the barrier role of normal skin, then bacteria and respiratory secretions from the skin around the incision become a source of infection in the tracheotomy, plus the poor resistance of the patient’s organism after surgery, if the wound care is not good, the skin at the incision will easily ulcerate and become infected, and even induce lower respiratory tract infection. In addition, some patients will have irritating cough after surgery, which will easily lead to gastric contents reflux, and gastrointestinal bacteria entering the airway will increase the chance of infection. Therefore, post-tracheotomy care becomes especially important for the patient’s recovery. What should the patient pay attention to when changing medication after the trocar is removed? First, effective skin disinfection reduces the rate of infection. What skin disinfectant do we choose? –0.5% iodophor. Both 75% ethanol and 0.5% iodophor are medium-acting disinfectants. Ethanol acts as a disinfectant by causing coagulation and denaturation of bacterial proteins, but alcohol is relatively irritating to mucous membranes and can cause more pain. Iodophor is a complex of iodine and some surfactants. Iodine combines with amino acids in bacteriophage proteins to denature and precipitate them, and forms a very thin bactericidal film on the wound surface, releasing effective iodine slowly and permanently, which has strong and efficient disinfection and sterilization effects on all kinds of bacteria, bacilli, viruses, fungi and protozoa. Iodophor is a non-irritating liquid and has very little irritation to broken skin mucosa. Therefore, it is better to use 0.5% iodophor. However, it should be noted that patients with iodine allergy should not use iodophor for disinfection of gas incisions. Clinically, the incision is often covered with sterile gauze dressing for dressing change. When the patient has a strong cough reflex, sputum, wetting and nebulized inhalation, the sterile gauze dressing at the incision is often soaked and contaminated, then the number of dressing changes should be increased or decreased appropriately according to the amount of secretions from the incision, generally twice a day, with dirty change, some even need to change 4-5 times a day. Family members should prepare gauze, tape, iodophor, cotton balls, forceps, wear a mask and gloves when changing medication, after uncovering the original gauze, take a few cotton balls, pour iodophor on, use forceps to take the cotton balls, disinfect the patient’s skin at the incision, generally disinfect twice, and finally cover with gauze, tape tightly, do not remove at will, be sure to pay attention to foreign objects into the air incision. Soon after surgery, the patient will inevitably have some irritating choking cough, but as the wound heals, the number of coughs will slowly decrease, so the family does not need to worry too much. If a patient has a severe cough that persists, contact the doctor promptly. Usually, attention should be paid to keeping the patient’s living room quiet and clean with fresh air. If lying down, it is advisable to adopt a lateral position to facilitate the discharge of secretions from the patient’s trachea. It is also important to pay close attention to the patient’s signs. If the body allows, it is recommended to get up and walk around more often and try to complete the daily activities that can be done by yourself to facilitate recovery.