Rapid social development, economic prosperity, technological progress, transportation, construction, tourism, children’s play industry is thriving, a variety of recreational facilities more and more. With this, there is a tendency to increase the occurrence of various falls, hits, damages and injuries among children in recent years. Due to the developmental characteristics of children’s skull and brain, coupled with the inability to present a complete medical history after the injury, it is difficult to cooperate with medical examination and treatment, easy to develop cranial deformation, easy to conceal symptoms, easy to miss the injury, the slightest negligence is easy to leave sequelae, resulting in accidents, causing a burden to the child himself, his family and society. Parents’ concern for the injured child is understandable, over the years clinical practice accidentally found that some children, because parents neglected to observe the condition after the accident, we can not help but feel worried, the following talk about children’s head injuries, remind parents need to pay attention to the place, I hope to give you some useful insight. Pay attention to 1: scalp small wounds may also have serious consequences scalp blood rich, once the laceration, even small wounds, but also often bleeding ferociously. This bleeding, if not controlled as soon as possible, easy to occur in a short time bleeding and shock, resulting in life-threatening, the method can be used to clean cloth bandages, temporary hemostasis; in addition to timely cleaning of the scalp to prevent infection caused by the injury, must go to the hospital as soon as possible to thoroughly remove the wound foreign body and soil, and early application of tetanus antitoxin and antibiotics. Pay attention to 2: nasal and ear canal bleeding to be cautious when filling after head injury, if the nasal cavity or ear canal has non-stop bleeding, if due to skull base fracture, at this time, must not be blocked with cotton balls or other items. Because the blood cannot flow out after the blockage, it will flow back into the skull, thus causing intracranial hematoma, increased intracranial pressure, brain herniation and life threatening. The correct approach is to let the casualty adopt a semi-recumbent position, make the head elevated by 150-300, and wipe away the outflowing blood. After the above treatment, most of them will heal on their own in 5-7 days. Attention 3: Do not remove the foreign body embedded in the skull immediately after the injury Do not take the risk to easily remove the foreign body in the skull when there is a lack of craniotomy. Because the foreign body may have pierced the venous sinus of the brain or large blood vessels, before the removal, may not bleed, once removed, may cause uncontrollable hemorrhage and lost the opportunity to rescue. In this case, it should be sent to a hospital with conditions to ask a professional physician to handle. Focus 4: Don’t panic when concussion occurs in infants and toddlers Parents should not panic when infants and toddlers have head injuries, which mostly occur as a result of falling out of bed, with or without impaired consciousness. Usually the child is quiet for a period of time after the fall, and then starts to be irritable and vomit for a few minutes or hours, with pale face and cold and wet limbs. Subsequently, the state of consciousness begins to deteriorate and the child becomes drowsy or lethargic and less mobile. Most concussions in infants and children do not require specific treatment. Early medical attention is needed to exclude other cranial and brain injuries. The “ping-pong ball-like” skull depression fracture in children requires early medical attention The thin and elastic skull bone of children is easily deformed after injury, and the top of the head will be depressed when a depression fracture occurs. If you find this phenomenon, go to the hospital, and after the doctor’s examination and CT scan, you can clarify the scope of the fracture, the degree, and the doctor will decide whether you need surgery. Attention 6: Coma after waking up to pay attention to the reoccurrence of coma If coma occurs after the injury, and then wakes up, and then coma again afterwards, it is medically referred to as “impaired consciousness with an intermediate waking period”, which means there is a slight brain injury, and then secondary brain injury occurs again, which is a typical manifestation of intracranial hematoma. Most of them are epidural hematomas, and if they are detected early and operated in time, most of them can get good results. If this change is not detected in time, the recurrent coma will be mistaken for sleep, and the opportunity for surgery will be lost with the prolongation of time. Therefore, no matter how long after the injury, as long as there is an intermediate period of wakefulness, you should go to the hospital, actively cooperate with the doctor as early as possible to diagnose and implement craniotomy as soon as possible to obtain better results. Emphasis 7: parents worry about the CT scan radiation and refuse to check CT examination of cranial brain injury has a clear diagnostic significance, often the first choice. Through the scan can be a more comprehensive display of intracranial injury, the child’s cranial injury type, location, scope, pathology, etc. to make a rapid, accurate, painless, non-invasive diagnosis, to determine the condition, guide treatment, determine the prognosis has important value. Parents may worry whether the radiation from CT scan will affect the growth and development of their children. From a medical point of view, CT scans are safe and the amount of radiation produced is within the acceptable range for human beings and will not cause damage to the body. Please believe that the CT scan will not have any effect on the growth and development of the child. Attention 8: The first CT scan of the head is normal and close observation of the injury is neglected. Due to the developmental characteristics of the infant’s head, the magnitude of the external force and the degree of injury are often not positively correlated, and sometimes a very light external force can cause serious brain damage. If the child is injured for a short period of time, the general condition is good, especially when the post-injury CT scan is normal, should not be taken lightly. Because infants and young children’s body reaction ability is poorer than adults after head trauma, but the development is faster and heavier than adults, and the neurological examination is also more difficult to cooperate, so it is necessary to closely observe for several days after the injury, and once the symptoms appear aggravated, promptly go to the hospital for consultation. To sum up, the safety of children, especially infants and young children is often related to the negligence of guardians, to strengthen the awareness of safety precautions, to learn more about infant and child craniosynostosis and preventive measures, once the head injury, as a guardian, dismissive and too much panic is not desirable, to go to the nearby outpatient or specialist hospital, listen to the advice of physicians. Let’s all take action together to take care of our children and prevent all kinds of accidents so that they can grow up healthy and happy.