Indications for surgery for hepatocellular carcinoma combined with portal vein thrombosis or vena cava thrombosis

I. General condition of the patient The requirements are the same as hepatectomy. Local situation 1.The tumor is resectable according to the criteria of indications for liver resection for primary liver cancer. 2.The cancer thrombus filled the main branch or 8 and trunk of portal vein, and further development will soon endanger the patient’s life. 3.It is estimated that the time of cancer thrombus formation is relatively short and mechanization has not yet occurred. The above cases are suitable for portal vein trunk dissection to remove the cancer embolus and palliative hepatectomy at the same time. 4.If the cancer embolus is located in a small portal vein branch above the liver segment level, it can be removed together with the portal vein branch at the same time of resection. 5.If the tumor is found to be unresectable during operation, it can be treated by intraoperative selective hepatic artery cannula embolization chemotherapy or portal vein cannula chemotherapy, cryotherapy or radiofrequency treatment after the portal vein trunk is cut to remove the embolus. 6.When combined with vena cava cancer embolism, the vena cava can be incised to remove the cancer embolism and resect the liver cancer under the whole liver blood flow blockage.